Water pollution contributes to water scarcity by decreasing the amount of available freshwater. Grafted bioflocculants tend to have excellent wastewater remediation capabilities. The aim of this research was to synthesize, characterize and apply polyacrylamide grafted bioflocculant to wastewater treatment. Bioflocculant (TMT⁻¹) produced by Bacillus pumilus JX860616 was grafted with acrylamide chains using a microwave initiated method. To optimize the synthesis, irradiation time and acrylamide concentration were varied. Optimum grade (TMT⁻¹-g-PAM 2) was characterized by intrinsic viscosity, elemental analysis, SEM, FTIR spectroscopy, XRD and TGA. TMT⁻¹-g-PAM 2's biosafety – on human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells – was assessed by MTT assay. Its biodegradation was investigated by a composting method. The effects of dosage size, cations (BaCl₂, KCl, NaCl, LiCl, CaCl₂, MgCl₂ and FeCl₃), pH and temperature on the flocculating activities of the flocculant were evaluated, spectrophotometrically. The flocculation mechanism was determined by measuring zeta potentials using Zetasizer Nano. Optimum grade (TMT⁻¹-g-PAM 2) was obtained when a concentration of 2.5 g of acrylamide was used for grafting on TMT⁻¹ at irradiation time of 3 min. Changes observed in intrinsic viscosity, elemental analysis, SEM, FTIR, XRD, and TGA confirmed that grafting occurred. HEK 293 cells displayed high viability (75%) at 200 μg/ml of the flocculant. The removal of COD, BOD, N and P, in domestic wastewater, by the flocculant reached 98%, 54%, 53%, and 57%, respectively, when evaluated by spectrophotometric cell tests. The good flocculation efficiency by the flocculant means it has the potential to replace the traditional chemical flocculants.

水污染通过减少可利用的淡水量而导致缺水。接枝的生物絮凝剂往往具有出色的废水修复能力。这项研究的目的是合成，表征聚丙烯酰胺接枝的生物絮凝剂并将其应用于废水处理。使用微波引发的方法，将短小芽孢杆菌JX860616生产的生物絮凝剂（TMT ^-1）与丙烯酰胺链接枝。为了优化合成，改变了照射时间和丙烯酰胺浓度。最佳等级（TMT ^-1 -g-PAM 2）的特征在于特性粘度，元素分析，SEM，FTIR光谱，XRD和TGA。TMT ^-1MTT分析评估了-g-PAM 2对人胚肾（HEK）293细胞的生物安全性。通过堆肥方法对其生物降解进行了研究。分光光度法评估了剂量大小，阳离子（BaCl ₂，KCl，NaCl，LiCl，CaCl ₂，MgCl ₂和FeCl ₃），pH和温度对絮凝剂絮凝活性的影响。通过使用Zetasizer Nano测量Zeta电位来确定絮凝机理。当使用浓度为2.5 g的丙烯酰胺接枝到TMT ^-1上时，可获得最佳等级（TMT ^-1 -g-PAM 2）在3分钟的照射时间。特性粘度，元素分析，SEM，FTIR，XRD和TGA观察到的变化证实发生了接枝。HEK 293细胞在200μg/ ml絮凝剂下显示出较高的生存力（75％）。用分光光度法测试时，絮凝剂对生活废水中的COD，BOD，N和P的去除率分别达到98％，54％，53％和57％。絮凝剂的良好絮凝效率意味着它有可能取代传统的化学絮凝剂。