Identification of complex processes controlling the groundwater chemistry and the indexing of urban groundwater for drinking were carried out with special emphasis on health risk associated with nitrate contamination in the urban areas of Nagpur City in western India. The hydrochemical facies of forty-seven samples collected from shallow aquifers were of Ca–HCO₃ and mixed Ca–Na–HCO₃ type indicating a transition from pure recharge water to mixed type water. 75% of the samples were very hard water. Geochemical signatures evaluated from the Na⁺-Cl⁻ plot, Na⁺:Na⁺ + Cl⁻, Ca²⁺ + Mg²⁺ vs. HCO₃⁻ + SO₄²⁻ plot, (Na⁺+ K⁺ - Cl⁻)/(Na⁺+ K⁺ - Cl⁻ + Ca²⁺), Ca²⁺/Na⁺ vs. Mg²⁺/Na⁺, SO₄²⁻/Cl⁻ signposted the collective contribution of calcite, dolomite, silicate, and gypsum weathering on groundwater geochemistry. The dominancy of cation exchange followed by reverse ion exchange, anthropogenic inputs, and mineral dissolution are resolved based on bivariate plots. The supersaturated thermodynamic states of calcite and dolomite minerals played a major factor for low Ca²⁺ in some samples. Nitrate higher than the drinking-water thresholds of 50 mg/L (as per WHO) in around 51.1% of the samples reflected the consequences of urbanization on shallow aquifers. The EWQI method ranked 74.5% of the urban groundwater as moderately suitable and remaining samples are not suitable for drinking. The non-carcinogenic risk (HI Total) were computed as 1.82, 2.16, and 2.47 for an adult male, adult female, and children of Nagpur urban region. The non-carcinogenic risk was higher in children as compared to the adult residents. The noteworthy finding of the study may help in building effective policies and enhancing individual cooperation for the sustainable development of groundwater reservoirs in this region.

在印度西部那格浦尔市市区，确定了控制地下水化学成分的复杂过程以及对城市饮用水进行索引，特别强调了与硝酸盐污染相关的健康风险。从浅层含水层收集的47个样品的水化学相为Ca–HCO ₃和Ca–Na–HCO ₃混合类型，表明从纯补给水向混合型水过渡。75％的样品是非常坚硬的水。从钠评价地球化学特征⁺ -Cl ^-情节，钠⁺娜：⁺ +氯^- ，钙²⁺ + Mg的²⁺与HCO ₃^- + SO ₄ ^2-的情节，（钠⁺ + K ⁺ -氯^-）/（NA ⁺ + K ⁺ -氯^- +的Ca ²⁺），钙²⁺ /钠⁺相对于镁²⁺ /钠⁺，SO ₄ ^2- /氯^-标志着方解石，白云石，硅酸盐和石膏风化对地下水地球化学的共同贡献。阳离子交换的优势，然后进行反向离子交换，人为输入和矿物溶解，基于双变量图进行了解析。方解石和白云石矿物的过饱和热力学状态是造成Ca ²⁺低的主要因素在一些样品中。在大约51.1％的样本中，硝酸盐浓度高于饮用水阈值50 mg / L（根据WHO的标准），反映了城市化对浅层含水层的影响。EWQI方法将城市地下水的74.5％列为中度合适，其余样本不适合饮用。对于那格浦尔市区的成年男性，成年女性和儿童，非致癌风险（HI Total）分别为1.82、2.16和2.47。与成年居民相比，儿童的非致癌风险更高。该研究的值得注意的发现可能有助于制定有效的政策并加强个人合作，以促进该地区地下水库的可持续发展。