Abstract The demand for renewable energy is steadily increasing due to rapid population growth and economic development worldwide. An additional reason is that fossil fuel reserves are limited, and this situation results in their non-uniform availability globally. Furthermore, the attitudes of the society, energy policies and technology choices are constantly changing. Thus, renewable energy resources are now considered good alternatives to fossil fuels. In the meantime, liquid energy, such as methyl ester from locally produced vegetable oils, is well accepted by many countries, even though it is currently being blended up to 20% with petroleum fuels. Recently, the industrialisation of biodiesel is a major problem because of its poor cold flow properties and oxidative stability. Vegetable oils are also being blended in an appropriate proportion before transesterification to obtain the desired properties in biodiesel. Similarly, poor cold flow properties and oxidative stability can be improved by choosing suitable vegetable oils for making blends. Amongst all available vegetable oils, sesame seed oil (SSO) has unique cold flow properties and oxidation stability, particularly because of naturally occurring antioxidants and preservatives, which enhance the stability of oil towards rancidity. Therefore, SSO can be used as a potential feedstock for blending with other vegetable oils to enhance the overall cold flow and oxidation stability properties. This overview summarises sesame cultivation, SSO production, the physicochemical properties of SSO and its potential as an alternative renewable fuel source. In this review, the physicochemical properties of sesame biodiesel are compared with those of biodiesel derived from other vegetable oils. Results show that blending SSO with palm oil before transesterification will successfully improve the cold flow properties and oxidation stability of palm methyl ester (biodiesel).

中文翻译：

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芝麻油及其甲酯对冷流和氧化稳定性的批判性评价

摘要 由于全球人口快速增长和经济发展，对可再生能源的需求正在稳步增长。另一个原因是化石燃料储量有限，这种情况导致其在全球范围内的可用性不一致。此外，社会的态度、能源政策和技术选择也在不断变化。因此，可再生能源现在被认为是化石燃料的良好替代品。与此同时，液体能源，例如来自当地生产的植物油的甲酯，被许多国家所接受，尽管目前它与石油燃料的混合比例高达 20%。最近，生物柴油的工业化是一个主要问题，因为它的冷流性能和氧化稳定性差。植物油也在酯交换之前以适当的比例混合，以获得生物柴油所需的特性。同样，通过选择合适的植物油来制备混合物，可以改善较差的冷流性能和氧化稳定性。在所有可用的植物油中，芝麻油 (SSO) 具有独特的冷流特性和氧化稳定性，特别是因为天然存在的抗氧化剂和防腐剂可增强油对酸败的稳定性。因此，SSO 可用作与其他植物油混合的潜在原料，以增强整体冷流和氧化稳定性。本概述总结了芝麻种植、SSO 生产、SSO 的物理化学特性及其作为替代可再生燃料来源的潜力。在这次审查中，芝麻生物柴油的理化性质与其他植物油中提取的生物柴油的理化性质进行了比较。结果表明，在酯交换之前将 SSO 与棕榈油混合将成功改善棕榈甲酯（生物柴油）的冷流性能和氧化稳定性。