Abstract Cyber-Physical Systems are usually subject to dependability requirements such as safety and reliability constraints. Over the last 50 years, a body of efficient fault-tolerance mechanisms has been devised to handle faults occurring at run-time. However, properly implementing those mechanisms is a time-consuming task that requires a great deal of know-how. In this paper, we propose a general framework which allows system designers to decouple functional and non-functional concerns, and express non-functional properties at design time using domain-specific languages. In the spirit of generative programming, functional models are then automatically “augmented” with dependability mechanisms. Importantly, the real-time behavior of the initial models in terms of sampling times and meeting deadlines is preserved. The practicality of the approach is demonstrated with the automated implementation of one prominent software fault-tolerance pattern, namely N-Version Programming, in the CPAL model-driven engineering workflow.

中文翻译：

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CPS 模型驱动工程中的自动容错增强

摘要 信息物理系统通常受到安全性和可靠性约束等可靠性要求的约束。在过去的 50 年里，已经设计出一套有效的容错机制来处理运行时发生的故障。然而，正确实施这些机制是一项耗时的任务，需要大量的专业知识。在本文中，我们提出了一个通用框架，它允许系统设计人员解耦功能性和非功能性关注点，并在设计时使用领域特定语言表达非功能性属性。本着生成式编程的精神，功能模型随后会通过可靠性机制自动“增强”。重要的是，保留了初始模型在采样时间和满足最后期限方面的实时行为。