This research explores the feasibility of 100% renewable energy (RE) systems for the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region for assumptions of the year 2030. The demand for three sectors are taken into account: power, non-energetic industrial gas and seawater desalination. Three strategical scenarios are discussed, namely Region, Area and Integrated, mainly differing in level of regional grid interconnection and sector coupling. Solar photovoltaics (PV) and wind energy are found to be the most cost-competitive RE sources with the highest potential in the region covering more than 90% of the generation capacity in all the considered scenarios. The variability of RE is solved via energy storage, surplus electricity generation and electricity grids. The estimated overall levelised cost of electricity (LCOE) lies between 40.3 and 52.8 €/MWh, depending on the scenarios. The total LCOE decreased by 17% as a result of sector coupling compared to the interconnected power sector alone. Power-to-gas technology not only functions as a seasonal storage by storing surplus electricity produced mainly from wind power and partially from solar PV, but provides also the required gas for the non-energetic industrial gas sector. Battery storage complements solar PV as a diurnal storage to meet the electricity demand during the evening and night time. Seawater reverse osmosis desalination powered by renewables could potentially be a proper solution to overcome the water challenges in the MENA region at affordable cost of 1.4 €/m³. A comparison with a BAU strategy shows that a 100% renewable energy-based power system is 55–69% cheaper than a BAU strategy without and with greenhouse gas emission costs.

这项研究探索了以2030年为前提的中东和北非（MENA）地区100％可再生能源（RE）系统的可行性。考虑了三个部门的需求：电力，非高能工业天然气和海水淡化。讨论了三个战略方案，即区域，区域和综合方案，主要区别在于区域网格互连和部门耦合的水平。太阳能光伏（PV）和风能被认为是最具成本竞争力的可再生能源，在所有考虑的情景中，该地区的潜力最大，覆盖了超过90％的发电能力。可再生能源的可变性通过储能，剩余发电和电网解决。估计的整体平均电力成本（LCOE）在40.3至52.8欧元/兆瓦时之间，视情况而定。与单独的互连电力部门相比，由于部门耦合，总的LCOE下降了17％。电力制天然气技术不仅通过存储主要由风力发电和部分由太阳能光伏发电产生的多余电力来作为季节性存储，而且还为非高能工业天然气行业提供了所需的天然气。电池存储是太阳能光伏的昼夜存储，可以满足夜间和夜间的用电需求。由可再生能源驱动的海水反渗透海水淡化可能是克服中东和北非地区水挑战的合适解决方案，价格仅为1.4欧元/平方米 电力制天然气技术不仅通过存储主要由风力发电和部分由太阳能光伏发电产生的多余电力来作为季节性存储，而且还为非高能工业天然气行业提供了所需的天然气。电池存储是太阳能光伏的昼夜存储，可以满足夜间和夜间的用电需求。由可再生能源驱动的海水反渗透海水淡化可能是解决中东和北非地区水挑战的合适解决方案，价格仅为1.4欧元/平方米 天然气发电技术不仅通过存储主要由风力发电和部分由太阳能光伏发电产生的剩余电力来作为季节性存储，而且还为非高能工业天然气行业提供了所需的天然气。电池存储是太阳能光伏的昼夜存储，可以满足夜间和夜间的用电需求。由可再生能源驱动的海水反渗透海水淡化可能是解决中东和北非地区水挑战的合适解决方案，价格仅为1.4欧元/平方米 电池存储是太阳能光伏的昼夜存储，可以满足夜间和夜间的用电需求。由可再生能源驱动的海水反渗透海水淡化可能是克服中东和北非地区水挑战的合适解决方案，价格仅为1.4欧元/平方米 电池存储是太阳能光伏的昼夜存储，可以满足夜间和夜间的用电需求。由可再生能源驱动的海水反渗透海水淡化可能是解决中东和北非地区水挑战的合适解决方案，价格仅为1.4欧元/平方米³。与BAU策略的比较显示，基于100％可再生能源的电力系统比不包含温室气体排放成本的BAU策略便宜55–69％。