Abstract Balls for ball mills can be produced by die forging, rolling and casting methods. The rolling of balls can be realized as skew or cross rolling. This paper describes a new method for producing balls by cross wedge rolling combined with upsetting. Special emphasis is put on failure modes occurring in this process. Typical defects in balls produced by the new technique are described. Causes of these defects are discussed, and methods for their prevention are proposed. Both overfill and underfill are analyzed. Emphasis is put on ball surface defects such as scratches and sharp edges, and the problem of internal cracking in balls is discussed. The problem of correct separation of balls is examined. Effects of the rolling temperature on the rolling process and quenching of balls are investigated. Finally, abrasive wear of tools in the cross wedge rolling of balls is described.

中文翻译：

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楔横轧结合镦粗生产研磨介质的若干问题

摘要 球磨机用球可采用模锻、轧制和铸造方法生产。滚珠可实现斜滚或横滚。介绍了一种楔横轧结合镦粗制球的新方法。特别强调在此过程中发生的故障模式。描述了由新技术生产的球的典型缺陷。讨论了这些缺陷的原因，并提出了预防它们的方法。对过填充和未填充都进行了分析。重点讨论了球表面缺陷，如划痕和锋利边缘，讨论了球内部裂纹问题。检查正确分离球的问题。研究了轧制温度对轧制工艺和钢球淬火的影响。最后，