Horses are the third major mammalian species, along with humans and swine, long known to be subject to acute upper respiratory disease from influenza A virus infection. The viruses responsible are subtype H7N7, which is believed extinct, and H3N8, which circulates worldwide. The equine influenza lineages are clearly divergent from avian influenza lineages of the same subtypes. Their genetic evolution and potential for interspecies transmission, as well as clinical features and epidemiology, are discussed. Equine influenza is spread internationally and vaccination is central to control efforts. The current mechanism of international surveillance and virus strain recommendations for vaccines is described.

中文翻译：

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 马流感


马是继人类和猪之后的第三大哺乳动物物种，长期以来人们都知道马会因甲型流感病毒感染而患上急性上呼吸道疾病。造成这种情况的病毒是H7N7亚型（据信已经灭绝）和H3N8亚型（在世界范围内流行）。马流感谱系与相同亚型的禽流感谱系明显不同。讨论了它们的遗传进化和种间传播的潜力，以及临床特征和流行病学。马流感在国际范围内传播，疫苗接种是控制工作的核心。描述了当前疫苗国际监测和病毒株推荐的机制。