Currently there are no therapies for treating Alzheimer’s disease (AD) that can effectively halt disease progression. Existing drugs such as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors or NMDA receptor antagonists offers only symptomatic benefit. More recently, transplantation of neural stem cells (NSCs) to treat neurodegenerative diseases, including AD, has been investigated as a new therapeutic approach. Transplanted cells have the potential to replace damaged neural circuitry and secrete neurotrophic factors to counter symptomatic deterioration or to alter lesion protein levels. However, since there are animal models that can recapitulate AD in its entirety, it is challenging to precisely characterize the positive effects of transplanting NSCs. In the present review, we discuss the types of mouse modeling system that are available and the effect in each model after human-derived NSC (hNSC) or murine-derived NSC (mNSC) transplantation. Taken together, results from studies involving NSC transplantation in AD models indicate that this strategy could serve as a new therapeutic approach.

中文翻译：

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神经干细胞移植对阿尔茨海默病模型的影响

当前，尚无可有效阻止疾病进展的治疗阿尔茨海默氏病（AD）的疗法。现有药物，例如乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制剂或NMDA受体拮抗剂，仅提供症状上的益处。最近，作为一种新的治疗方法，已经研究了神经干细胞（NSCs）的移植以治疗包括AD在内的神经退行性疾病。移植的细胞有潜力替代受损的神经系统并分泌神经营养因子，以对抗症状恶化或改变病变蛋白水平。但是，由于存在可以完全概括AD的动物模型，因此准确表征移植NSC的积极作用具有挑战性。在目前的评论中，我们讨论了可用的小鼠建模系统的类型以及人类衍生的NSC（hNSC）或鼠衍生的NSC（mNSC）移植后每种模型的作用。综上，涉及AD模型中NSC移植的研究结果表明，该策略可作为一种新的治疗方法。