With the development of oncology and bioanalytical chemistry, liquid biopsy emerges as their fruit and manages to bring perspective chance of healthcare. To date, several typical biomarkers (i.e circulating tumor cells, extracellular vesicles, circulating nuclei acids, etc) have been well-established as promising targets of liquid biopsy, and numerous methods, of which optical and electrochemical methods occupy in majority, have been proposed for the idealized detection of these targets. However, the advancements in this field are massive from cancer biology and analytical technology. Therefore, it is necessary to review these advancements from both medical and chemical sides. Here in this paper, our group, of which academic background from medicine and chemistry, aim to provide some comprehensive and in-depth summarization on contribution of optical and electrochemical methods to liquid biopsy, considering both the view of oncologist and analytical chemists. Besides, we will discuss the remaining challenges and future trend of this field in the end. We hope this review can be inspirational to researcher in this field and give helpful introduction to people from various research area.

随着肿瘤学和生物分析化学的发展，液体活检应运而生，并为医疗保健带来前景。迄今为止，已经很好地确立了几种典型的生物标志物（即循环肿瘤细胞，细胞外囊泡，循环核酸等）作为液体活检的有希望的靶标，并且已经提出了许多方法，其中光学和电化学方法占多数。理想地检测这些目标。但是，癌症生物学和分析技术在该领域取得了巨大进步。因此，有必要从医学和化学两个方面审查这些进展。在本文中，我们小组的成员来自医学和化学领域，旨在同时兼顾肿瘤学家和分析化学家的观点，就光学和电化学方法对液体活检的贡献提供一些全面而深入的概述。此外，我们将最后讨论该领域的剩余挑战和未来趋势。我们希望这篇评论对这个领域的研究人员具有启发性，并为各个研究领域的人们提供有益的介绍。