BACKGROUND Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) is common in infants. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is defined as GER leading to troublesome symptoms that affect daily functioning and/or complications. This study is aimed at determining the prevalence and progression of GER and GERD in a cohort of healthy term infants from birth to 12 months old. METHODS We conducted a prospective cohort study including all full-term living neonates born at Besançon Teaching Hospital, France. Parents completed a clinical report form and the Infant Gastroesophageal Reflux Questionnaire-Revised (I-GERQ-R) at 1, 3, 6, 10, and 12 months of age. GER was defined as score ≥ 1 to the first question with I-GERQ-R score < 16, and GERD as score ≥ 1 to the first question with I-GERQ-R score ≥ 16. Regurgitation was based on the answer to the first question of the I-GERQ-R as anything coming out of the mouth daily. RESULTS 157/347 births were included (83 boys). The prevalence of regurgitation at least once a day was 45.7% overall. In total: 72, 69, 56, 18, and 13% of infants regurgitated at least once a day at 1, 3, 6, 10, and 12 months of age, respectively. Physiological GER affected 53, 59, 51, 16, and 12% of infants; GERD, 19, 9, 5, 2, and 2%, respectively. Two risk factors were identified: family history of GER and exposure to passive smoking. Treatment included dietary modification (14%) and pharmacotherapy (5%). CONCLUSION Physiological GER peaked at 3 months, GERD at 1 month. Most cases resolved on their own. GER and GERD are very common in the infant's population and parents should be reassured/educated regarding symptoms, warning signs, and generally favorable prognosis. I-GERQ-R is useful to the clinical screening and follow up for GER and GERD.

中文翻译：

---

婴儿胃食管反流的自然史：来自前瞻性队列的新数据。

背景技术胃食管反流（GER）在婴儿中很常见。胃食管反流病（GERD）定义为导致影响日常功能和/或并发症的麻烦症状的GER。这项研究旨在确定从出生到12个月大的健康足月婴儿队列中GER和GER​​D的患病率和进展。方法我们进行了一项前瞻性队列研究，包括在法国贝桑松教学医院出生的所有足月新生儿。父母在1、3、6、10和12个月大时填写了一份临床报告表格和婴儿胃食管反流问卷（I-GERQ-R）。GER被定义为I-GERQ-R得分<16的第一个问题的得分≥1，而GERD被定义为I-GERQ-R得分≥16的第一个问题的得分≥1。反流是基于对I-GERQ-R的第一个问题的回答，因为每天都会有东西从嘴里出来。结果包括157/347例出生（83名男孩）。每天至少一次返流的发生率总体为45.7％。总计：分别有72％，69％，56％，18％和13％的婴儿分别在1、3、6、10和12个月大时每天反流一次。生理学GER影响了53、59、51、16和12％的婴儿；GERD分别为19％，9％，5％，2％和2％。确定了两个危险因素：GER家族史和被动吸烟。治疗包括饮食调整（14％）和药物治疗（5％）。结论生理学GER在3个月达到高峰，GERD在1个月达到高峰。大多数案件都是自己解决的。GER和GER​​D在婴儿人群中非常普遍，应该对父母的症状给予保证/教育，警告迹象，预后一般良好。I-GERQ-R可用于GER和GER​​D的临床筛查和随访。