Toward Green Battery Cells: Perspective on Materials and Technologies,Small Methods

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Toward Green Battery Cells: Perspective on Materials and Technologies
Small Methods ( IF 10.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-06 , DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202000039
Simon Dühnen ₁ , Johannes Betz ₁ , Martin Kolek ₁ , Richard Schmuch ₁ , Martin Winter _{1,

2} , Tobias Placke ₁

Affiliation

Research and development of advanced rechargeable battery technologies is dominated by application‐specific targets, which predominantly focus on cost and performance targets, including high gravimetric energy, volumetric energy, and related power densities, while ensuring a high safety and long lifetime. The need for high‐performance and low‐cost batteries is driven by the growing market of electromobility, in order to fulfill key requirements, such as a sufficient driving range and fast charging ability, for achieving broad consumer acceptance. Currently, the lithium ion battery (LIB) is one of the state‐of‐the‐art technologies able to meet most of these key requirements at a reasonable cost. In addition to performance and costs, the environmental impact, i.e., the sustainability of the battery and in particular of the battery cell over the whole life cycle—i.e., from raw material extraction and battery material production, to cell and battery pack production, battery utilization, and to possibilities for second life usage and recycling—does receive continuously increasing attention. Within this review, different approaches for the development of “greener” batteries are introduced with a view on the complete battery life cycle, while focusing on the LIB technology. Moreover, alternative battery technologies are critically evaluated regarding their sustainability aspects and competitiveness.

中文翻译：

迈向绿色电池：材料和技术的观点

先进可充电电池技术的研发主要由特定于应用程序的目标控制，这些目标主要关注成本和性能目标，包括高重量能，体积能和相关的功率密度，同时确保高安全性和长寿命。电动汽车不断增长的市场推动了对高性能和低成本电池的需求，以满足关键要求，例如足够的行驶里程和快速充电能力，从而获得广泛的消费者认可。当前，锂离子电池（LIB）是最先进的技术之一，能够以合理的成本满足大多数这些关键要求。除了性能和成本外，对环境的影响，即电池，尤其是电池在整个生命周期中的可持续性，即从原材料提取和电池材料生产到电池和电池组生产，电池利用率，以及第二次使用和回收的可能性，受到越来越多的关注。在此审查中，针对完整的电池寿命周期，同时着重于LIB技术，介绍了开发“绿色”电池的不同方法。此外，对替代电池技术的可持续性和竞争力进行了严格评估。以及关于第二生命的使用和回收的可能性–受到越来越多的关注。在此审查中，针对完整的电池寿命周期，同时着重于LIB技术，介绍了开发“绿色”电池的不同方法。此外，对替代电池技术的可持续性和竞争力进行了严格评估。以及关于第二生命的使用和回收的可能性–受到越来越多的关注。在此审查中，针对完整的电池寿命周期，同时着重于LIB技术，介绍了开发“绿色”电池的不同方法。此外，对替代电池技术的可持续性和竞争力进行了严格评估。

更新日期：2020-04-06

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