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Latitudinal patterns in tachinid parasitoid diversity (Diptera: Tachinidae): a review of the evidence
Insect Conservation and Diversity ( IF 3.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-06 , DOI: 10.1111/icad.12416 Zelia L. Burington 1 , Diego Javier Inclán‐Luna 2, 3 , Marc Pollet 4, 5 , John O. Stireman 1, 2
中文翻译：
tachinid拟寄生虫多样性的纬度模式（双翅目：Tachinidae）：证据回顾
更新日期：2020-04-06
Insect Conservation and Diversity ( IF 3.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-06 , DOI: 10.1111/icad.12416 Zelia L. Burington 1 , Diego Javier Inclán‐Luna 2, 3 , Marc Pollet 4, 5 , John O. Stireman 1, 2
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- Insect parasitoids may be an exception to the typical biogeographic pattern of increasing species richness at lower latitudes exhibited by most taxa. Evidence for this ‘anomalous’ latitudinal gradient has been derived from observations of hymenopteran parasitoids and it has been argued that other parasitoid groups should show a similar pattern of diversity. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain this disparity, most notably the nasty host and resource fragmentation hypotheses.
- We review and evaluate these hypotheses with respect to tachinid flies (Diptera: Tachinidae), and bring to the argument evidence from eight trapping surveys from temperate and tropical regions in the Americas including the United States, Costa Rica, and Ecuador. We find no evidence that tachinid fly diversity is lower in the tropics than in the temperate region. Our results, along with other lines of evidence, rather suggest that New World Tachinidae likely conform to the same negative relationship between latitude and richness as their largely phytophagous host taxa.
- We discuss geographic patterns of tachinid diversity in relation to ecological and evolutionary processes, and why they may differ from their hymenopteran parasitoid counterparts. Parasitoid taxa appear to vary strongly in their diversity responses to latitude and we concur with previous researchers that more survey data are necessary to reach strong conclusions about parasitoid latitudinal diversity patterns.
中文翻译：
tachinid拟寄生虫多样性的纬度模式（双翅目：Tachinidae）：证据回顾
- 昆虫寄生类可能是大多数生物分类所显示的在较低纬度增加物种丰富度的典型生物地理模式的例外。这种“异常”纬度梯度的证据是从膜翅类寄生虫的观察中得出的，并且有人认为其他寄生虫组应该显示出相似的多样性模式。已经提出了几种机制来解释这种差异，最明显的是讨厌的主机和资源碎片假设。
- 我们审查和评估这些关于类蝇的假说（双翅目：Ta科），并将来自包括美国，哥斯达黎加和厄瓜多尔在内的美洲温带和热带地区的八次诱捕调查的论据作为论据。我们发现没有证据表明，热带地区的节肢fly蝇多样性低于温带地区。我们的研究结果以及其他证据表明，新大陆chin科动物可能在很大程度上依赖于植物检食性宿主类群，从而符合纬度与丰富度之间的负相关关系。
- 我们讨论了与生态和进化过程有关的节鱼多样性的地理模式，以及为什么它们可能不同于膜翅目类寄生动物。拟寄生物分类群对纬度的多样性响应差异很大，我们与以前的研究人员一致认为，需要更多的调查数据才能得出有关拟寄生物纬度多样性模式的强有力结论。
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