Coordination between nuclear and mitochondrial genomes is critical to metabolic processes underlying animals' ability to adapt to local environments, yet consequences of mitonuclear interactions have rarely been investigated in populations where individuals with divergent mitochondrial and nuclear genomes naturally interbreed. Genetic variation in the leaf beetle Chrysomela aeneicollis was assessed along a latitudinal thermal gradient in California's Sierra Nevada. Variation at mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase II (COII) and the nuclear gene phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI) shows concordance and was significantly greater along a 65 km transect than 10 other loci. STRUCTURE analyses using neutral loci identified a southern and northern subpopulation, which interbreed in the central drainage Bishop Creek. COII and PGI were used as indicators of mitochondrial and nuclear genetic variation in field and laboratory experiments conducted on beetles from this admixed population. Fecundity, larval development rate, running speed and male mating frequency were higher for beetles with geographically 'matched' than 'mismatched' mitonuclear genotypes. Effects of mitonuclear mismatch were largest for individuals with northern nuclear genotypes possessing southern mitochondria and were most pronounced after heat treatment or at high elevation. These findings suggest that mitonuclear incompatibility diminishes performance and reproductive success in nature, effects that could intensify at environmental extremes. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

中文翻译：

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线粒体错配改变自然渗入的山地叶甲虫种群的性能和繁殖成功率

核和线粒体基因组之间的协调对于动物适应当地环境能力的代谢过程至关重要，但很少在具有不同线粒体和核基因组的个体自然杂交的人群中研究线粒体相互作用的后果。沿着加利福尼亚内华达山脉的纬度热梯度评估了叶甲虫 Chrysomela aeneicollis 的遗传变异。线粒体细胞色素氧化酶 II (COII) 和核基因磷酸葡萄糖异构酶 (PGI) 的变异显示出一致性，并且沿着 65 公里的横断面比其他 10 个基因座显着更大。使用中性位点的结构分析确定了南部和北部亚群，它们在中央排水系统 Bishop Creek 中杂交。COII 和 PGI 被用作田间和实验室实验中线粒体和核遗传变异的指标，对来自该混合种群的甲虫进行了实验。地理上“匹配”的甲虫的繁殖力、幼虫发育率、奔跑速度和雄性交配频率高于“错配”线粒体基因型的甲虫。线粒体核不匹配的影响对于具有南方线粒体的北方核基因型的个体最大，并且在热处理或高海拔地区最为明显。这些发现表明，线粒体核不相容性会降低自然界的性能和繁殖成功率，这种影响可能会在极端环境下加剧。本文受版权保护。版权所有。