A reinforced double network (DN) hydrogel as a candidate for skin scaffold was prepared. It consists of O‐carboxymethyl chitosan, polyvinyl alcohol, honey, CaCl₂, and graphene oxide. The various concentrations of CaCl₂, namely, 30, 45, and 60 wt% were investigated. Besides, the GO content was studied as 3, 5, and 10 wt%. The structure of the DN was characterized by Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, X‐ray diffraction, energy dispersive X‐ray and Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller were evaluated. The mechanical properties were studied, too. It showed that the DN with 45 wt% CaCl₂ was optimized. Also, swelling mechanism was investigated. Moreover, with the increase in GO content, the mechanical strength was increased. The cytotoxicity was evaluated and it was indicated that DN with 45% CaCl₂ and 5% GO had an acceptable level of biocompatibility. Moreover, scanning electron microscopy images showed the porous structure of the DN nanocomposite. Thus, the DN has the potential to be applied in tissue engineering as a skin scaffold. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 60:889–899, 2020. © 2020 Society of Plastics Engineers

中文翻译：

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基于邻羧甲基壳聚糖/聚乙烯醇和氧化石墨烯的硬质和软质双网状水凝胶纳米复合材料：组织工程学的有希望的替代品

制备了增强的双网（DN）水凝胶作为皮肤支架的候选材料。它由O-羧甲基壳聚糖，聚乙烯醇，蜂蜜，CaCl ₂和氧化石墨烯组成。研究了CaCl ₂的各种浓度，即30、45和60 wt％。此外，GO含量被研究为3、5和10wt％。通过傅立叶变换红外光谱，热重分析，差示扫描量热法，X射线衍射，能量色散X射线和Brunauer-Emmett-Teller对DN的结构进行了表征。还研究了机械性能。结果表明，含45％（重量）CaCl ₂的DN已优化。另外，研究了溶胀机理。此外，随着GO含量的增加，机械强度增加。评价细胞毒性，并表明具有45％CaCl ₂和5％GO的DN具有可接受的生物相容性水平。此外，扫描电子显微镜图像显示了DN纳米复合材料的多孔结构。因此，DN具有作为皮肤支架在组织工程中应用的潜力。POLYM。ENG。SCI。，60：889–899，2020.©2020塑料工程师协会