There is an increased demand for an ideal biodegradable biomaterial that eradicates infection, while concurrently promoting tissue regeneration in osteomyelitic bone, which eliminates the need for revision surgery. In this study, our objective was to evaluate the efficacy of a nanocomposite fibrous scaffold (silica coated nanohydroxyapatite-gelatin reinforced with poly-l-lactic acid yarns) containing vancomycin for treating methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) induced osteomyelitis in rat models. The antibiotic was either incorporated during scaffold synthesis (SE-V) or loaded directly after the development of the scaffold (SA-V) at 5 wt% and 15 wt%. There was a sustained release of vancomycin from both the groups of scaffolds for 30 days and the released drug demonstrated antibacterial activity against MRSA. Furthermore, implantation of the composite scaffold into osteomyelitic rat femur resulted in significant bacterial reduction, mainly with 15 wt% drug and its efficacy was comparable to that of commercial graft Stimulan. Both drug entrapped and absorbed composite scaffolds promoted bone regeneration in 3 months, with no distinguishable difference between them. However, Stimulan resorbed fast and there were bone voids at the defect site after 3 months. Hence, the nanocomposite fibrous scaffold containing vancomycin can be proposed as a bi-functional graft that can reduce bacterial infection, while subsequently engineer new bone in osteomyelitis.

中文翻译：

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可生物降解的纳米复合纤维支架介导万古霉素的局部递送，用于治疗MRSA感染的实验性骨髓炎。

对理想的可生物降解的生物材料的需求在增加，该材料可消除感染，同时促进骨髓回生骨中的组织再生，从而消除了翻修手术的需要。在这项研究中，我们的目的是评估含有万古霉素的纳米复合纤维状支架（二氧化硅包裹的纳米羟基磷灰石-明胶用聚乳酸链增强）在治疗耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）引起的骨髓炎中的功效。在支架合成（SE-V）期间掺入抗生素，或在支架发展（SA-V）后直接以5 wt％和15 wt％加载抗生素。两组支架均持续释放万古霉素达30天，并且所释放的药物显示出对MRSA的抗菌活性。此外，将该复合支架植入骨髓间质大鼠股骨可显着减少细菌，主要是使用15 wt％的药物，其功效与商业移植的Stimulan相当。包埋和吸收药物的复合支架均在3个月内促进了骨再生，两者之间没有明显区别。但是，刺激剂吸收很快，三个月后在缺损部位出现了骨空隙。因此，可以提出含有万古霉素的纳米复合纤维支架作为一种双功能移植物，可以减少细菌感染，同时在骨髓炎中改造新的骨骼。包埋和吸收药物的复合支架均在3个月内促进了骨再生，两者之间没有明显区别。但是，刺激剂吸收很快，三个月后在缺损部位出现了骨空隙。因此，可以提出含有万古霉素的纳米复合纤维支架作为一种双功能移植物，可以减少细菌感染，同时在骨髓炎中改造新的骨骼。包埋和吸收药物的复合支架均在3个月内促进了骨再生，两者之间没有明显区别。但是，刺激剂吸收很快，三个月后在缺损部位出现了骨空隙。因此，可以提出含有万古霉素的纳米复合纤维支架作为一种双功能移植物，可以减少细菌感染，同时在骨髓炎中改造新的骨骼。