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BigBrain 3D atlas of cortical layers: Cortical and laminar thickness gradients diverge in sensory and motor cortices.
PLOS Biology ( IF 7.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-03 , DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000678 Konrad Wagstyl 1, 2, 3 , Stéphanie Larocque 4 , Guillem Cucurull 4 , Claude Lepage 1 , Joseph Paul Cohen 4 , Sebastian Bludau 5 , Nicola Palomero-Gallagher 5, 6 , Lindsay B Lewis 1 , Thomas Funck 1 , Hannah Spitzer 5 , Timo Dickscheid 5 , Paul C Fletcher 2 , Adriana Romero 4, 7 , Karl Zilles 5 , Katrin Amunts 5, 8 , Yoshua Bengio 4 , Alan C Evans 1
PLOS Biology ( IF 7.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-03 , DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000678 Konrad Wagstyl 1, 2, 3 , Stéphanie Larocque 4 , Guillem Cucurull 4 , Claude Lepage 1 , Joseph Paul Cohen 4 , Sebastian Bludau 5 , Nicola Palomero-Gallagher 5, 6 , Lindsay B Lewis 1 , Thomas Funck 1 , Hannah Spitzer 5 , Timo Dickscheid 5 , Paul C Fletcher 2 , Adriana Romero 4, 7 , Karl Zilles 5 , Katrin Amunts 5, 8 , Yoshua Bengio 4 , Alan C Evans 1
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Histological atlases of the cerebral cortex, such as those made famous by Brodmann and von Economo, are invaluable for understanding human brain microstructure and its relationship with functional organization in the brain. However, these existing atlases are limited to small numbers of manually annotated samples from a single cerebral hemisphere, measured from 2D histological sections. We present the first whole-brain quantitative 3D laminar atlas of the human cerebral cortex. It was derived from a 3D histological atlas of the human brain at 20-micrometer isotropic resolution (BigBrain), using a convolutional neural network to segment, automatically, the cortical layers in both hemispheres. Our approach overcomes many of the historical challenges with measurement of histological thickness in 2D, and the resultant laminar atlas provides an unprecedented level of precision and detail. We utilized this BigBrain cortical atlas to test whether previously reported thickness gradients, as measured by MRI in sensory and motor processing cortices, were present in a histological atlas of cortical thickness and which cortical layers were contributing to these gradients. Cortical thickness increased across sensory processing hierarchies, primarily driven by layers III, V, and VI. In contrast, motor-frontal cortices showed the opposite pattern, with decreases in total and pyramidal layer thickness from motor to frontal association cortices. These findings illustrate how this laminar atlas will provide a link between single-neuron morphology, mesoscale cortical layering, macroscopic cortical thickness, and, ultimately, functional neuroanatomy.
中文翻译：
BigBrain皮质层3D图集：皮质和层流厚度梯度在感觉和运动皮质中有所不同。
大脑皮层的组织学地图集（例如由Brodmann和von Economo出名的地图集）对于理解人脑的微观结构及其与大脑功能组织的关系具有不可估量的价值。但是，这些现有的地图集仅限于从2D组织学切片测量的来自单个大脑半球的少量手动注释的样本。我们提出了人类大脑皮层的第一个全脑定量3D层状图谱。它来自人类大脑的3D组织学地图集，各向同性分辨率为20微米（BigBrain），使用卷积神经网络自动分割两个半球的皮质层。我们的方法通过测量2D组织厚度来克服了许多历史挑战，层状图谱提供了前所未有的精确度和细节水平。我们利用此BigBrain皮质图谱来测试先前报告的厚度梯度（通过MRI在感觉和运动处理皮质中的MRI测量）是否存在于组织学厚度的皮质图谱中，以及哪些皮质层对这些梯度有所贡献。皮质厚度在感觉处理层次结构中增加，主要是由第III，V和VI层驱动。相比之下，运动额叶皮层显示相反的模式，从运动到额叶缔合皮层的总层厚度和锥体层厚度减小。这些发现说明了该层状图谱将如何在单神经元形态，中尺度皮层分层，宏观皮层厚度以及最终的功能神经解剖学之间提供联系。
更新日期：2020-04-03
中文翻译：
BigBrain皮质层3D图集：皮质和层流厚度梯度在感觉和运动皮质中有所不同。
大脑皮层的组织学地图集（例如由Brodmann和von Economo出名的地图集）对于理解人脑的微观结构及其与大脑功能组织的关系具有不可估量的价值。但是，这些现有的地图集仅限于从2D组织学切片测量的来自单个大脑半球的少量手动注释的样本。我们提出了人类大脑皮层的第一个全脑定量3D层状图谱。它来自人类大脑的3D组织学地图集，各向同性分辨率为20微米（BigBrain），使用卷积神经网络自动分割两个半球的皮质层。我们的方法通过测量2D组织厚度来克服了许多历史挑战，层状图谱提供了前所未有的精确度和细节水平。我们利用此BigBrain皮质图谱来测试先前报告的厚度梯度（通过MRI在感觉和运动处理皮质中的MRI测量）是否存在于组织学厚度的皮质图谱中，以及哪些皮质层对这些梯度有所贡献。皮质厚度在感觉处理层次结构中增加，主要是由第III，V和VI层驱动。相比之下，运动额叶皮层显示相反的模式，从运动到额叶缔合皮层的总层厚度和锥体层厚度减小。这些发现说明了该层状图谱将如何在单神经元形态，中尺度皮层分层，宏观皮层厚度以及最终的功能神经解剖学之间提供联系。
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