Though the etiology of type 1 diabetes (T1D) is not well understood, it is believed to comprise both genetic and environmental factors. Viruses are the most well studied environmental trigger, and there is a small but growing body of research on the potential influence of rotavirus on T1D. Rotavirus infections were initially identified as possible triggers of T1D given similarities between viral peptide sequences and T1D autoantigen peptide sequences. Further, rotavirus infection has been shown to modify T1D risk in T1D-prone mice. However, research into associations of rotavirus infections with T1D development in humans have yielded mixed findings and suggested interactions with age and diet. As global availability of rotavirus vaccines increases, recent studies have assessed whether rotavirus vaccination modifies T1D development, finding null or protective associations. Overall, evidence to-date suggests a possible triggering relationship between some wild-type rotavirus infections and T1D, but the potential effect of rotavirus vaccination remains unclear.

中文翻译：

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轮状病毒与1型糖尿病——有联系吗？证据综合。

虽然 1 型糖尿病 (T1D) 的病因尚不清楚，但据信它包括遗传和环境因素。病毒是研究得最充分的环境触发因素，关于轮状病毒对 T1D 的潜在影响的研究规模虽小，但仍在不断增加。鉴于病毒肽序列和 T1D 自身抗原肽序列之间的相似性，轮状病毒感染最初被确定为 T1D 的可能触发因素。此外，轮状病毒感染已被证明可以改变 T1D 易感小鼠的 T1D 风险。然而，对轮状病毒感染与人类 T1D 发展之间关联的研究得出了不同的发现，并表明与年龄和饮食的相互作用。随着轮状病毒疫苗的全球供应量增加，最近的研究评估了轮状病毒疫苗接种是否会改变 T1D 的发展，寻找无效或保护性关联。总体而言，迄今为止的证据表明，某些野生型轮状病毒感染与 T1D 之间可能存在触发关系，但轮状病毒疫苗接种的潜在影响尚不清楚。