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Preclinical functional characterization methods of nanocomposite hydrogels containing silver nanoparticles for biomedical applications.
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ( IF 3.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-06 , DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10521-2
Jasmina Stojkovska 1, 2 , Jovana Zvicer 1 , Bojana Obradovic 1
Affiliation  

Nanocomposite hydrogels that contain silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are especially attractive for various biomedical applications (e.g., antimicrobial wound dressings, coatings and soft tissue implants) due to strong antimicrobial activity of released silver nanoparticles and/or ions over prolonged times. However, all potential biomedical products have to be thoroughly specified fulfilling strict safety requirements. Characterization of nanocomposites is additionally complicated due to potential harmful effects of nanoparticles and accumulation in cells and tissues. This paper summarizes methods for preclinical characterization of hydrogel nanocomposites containing AgNPs with the particular attention on Ag/alginate hydrogels. Standard physicochemical characterization methods include transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), UV-visible spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Functional in vitro characterization relies on different methods for estimation of silver release, antimicrobial activity, and nanocomposite cytotoxicity. Here, we specially focus on utilization of 3D bioreactor systems that mimic native physiological environments with the aim to reliably predict nanocomposite behavior during implementation and so to decrease the need for animal experimentation. These systems were shown to provide more accurate and relevant data on silver release and cytotoxicity as compared to static systems such as 2D cell monolayer cultures. Finally, nanocomposites are evaluated in vivo in different animal models, which are in the case of wound dressings typically mice, rats, and pigs. The present review provides a basis for defining a strategy for comprehensive and efficient preclinical characterization of novel nanocomposites attractive not only for those containing AgNPs but also other metallic nanoparticles aimed for biomedical applications.Key points• A platform for devising comprehensive preclinical evaluation of nanocomposites. • Biomimetic bioreactors provide reliable functional nanocomposite evaluation. • Cells in 2D cultures are more sensitive to silver nanoparticles than in 3D cultures. • Biomimetic bioreactor 3D cell/tissue cultures can address the in vitro-in vivo gap.

中文翻译:

用于生物医学应用的含银纳米颗粒的纳米复合水凝胶的临床前功能表征方法。

由于长时间释放的银纳米颗粒和/或离子具有很强的抗菌活性,因此包含银纳米颗粒(AgNPs)的纳米复合水凝胶对于各种生物医学应用(例如,抗菌伤口敷料,涂层和软组织植入物)特别有吸引力。但是,必须严格指定所有潜在的生物医学产品,以满足严格的安全要求。由于纳米颗粒的潜在有害作用以及在细胞和组织中的蓄积,纳米复合材料的表征另外变得复杂。本文总结了含AgNPs的水凝胶纳米复合材料的临床前表征方法,特别关注Ag /藻酸盐水凝胶。标准的物理化学表征方法包括透射电子显微镜(TEM),扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和原子力显微镜(AFM),紫外可见光谱和傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)。功能性体外表征依赖于不同的方法来估算银的释放,抗菌活性和纳米复合材料的细胞毒性。在这里,我们特别关注模仿本地生理环境的3D生物反应器系统的利用,目的是可靠地预测实施过程中的纳米复合材料行为,从而减少动物实验的需要。与静态系统(例如2D细胞单层培养)相比,这些系统显示出有关银释放和细胞毒性的更准确和相关的数据。最后,在不同的动物模型中对纳米复合材料进行了体内评估,在伤口敷料的情况下,通常是小鼠,大鼠,和猪。本综述为定义一种新型,有效地对新型纳米复合材料进行临床前表征的策略提供了基础,这种复合材料不仅对那些包含AgNPs的纳米复合材料具有吸引力,而且对其他生物纳米材料也具有吸引力。•仿生生物反应器提供可靠的功能性纳米复合材料评估。•2D培养物中的细胞比3D培养物中的银纳米颗粒更敏感。•仿生生物反应器3D细胞/组织培养可以解决体内外的空白。本综述为定义一种新型,有效的临床前表征方法提供了基础,这种方法不仅对那些含有AgNPs的纳米复合物具有吸引力,而且对其他生物医学应用的金属纳米颗粒也具有吸引力。要点•一个平台,可以对纳米复合物进行临床前综合评价。•仿生生物反应器提供可靠的功能性纳米复合材料评估。•2D培养物中的细胞比3D培养物中的银纳米颗粒更敏感。•仿生生物反应器3D细胞/组织培养可以解决体内外的空白。本综述为定义一种新型,有效地对新型纳米复合材料进行临床前表征的策略提供了基础,这种复合材料不仅对那些包含AgNPs的纳米复合材料具有吸引力,而且对其他生物纳米材料也具有吸引力。•仿生生物反应器提供可靠的功能性纳米复合材料评估。•2D培养物中的细胞比3D培养物中的银纳米颗粒更敏感。•仿生生物反应器3D细胞/组织培养可以解决体内外的空白。•2D培养物中的细胞比3D培养物中的银纳米颗粒更敏感。•仿生生物反应器3D细胞/组织培养可以解决体内外的空白。•2D培养物中的细胞比3D培养物中的银纳米颗粒更敏感。•仿生生物反应器3D细胞/组织培养可以解决体内外的空白。
更新日期:2020-04-06
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