Presently, the adoption of Internet of Things (IoT)-related technologies in the Smart Farming domain is rapidly emerging. The ultimate goal is to collect, monitor, and effectively employ relevant data for agricultural processes, with the purpose of achieving an optimized and more environmentally sustainable agriculture. In this paper, a low-cost, modular, and Long-Range Wide-Area Network (LoRaWAN)-based IoT platform, denoted as "LoRaWAN-based Smart Farming Modular IoT Architecture" (LoRaFarM), and aimed at improving the management of generic farms in a highly customizable way, is presented. The platform, built around a core middleware, is easily extensible with ad-hoc low-level modules (feeding the middleware with data coming from the sensors deployed in the farm) or high-level modules (providing advanced functionalities to the farmer). The proposed platform has been evaluated in a real farm in Italy, collecting environmental data (air/soil temperature and humidity) related to the growth of farm products (namely grapes and greenhouse vegetables) over a period of three months. A web-based visualization tool for the collected data is also presented, to validate the LoRaFarM architecture.

中文翻译：

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LoRaFarM：基于LoRaWAN的智能农业模块化物联网架构。

当前，在智能农业领域中与物联网（IoT）相关的技术正在迅速兴起。最终目标是收集，监控并有效地将有关数据用于农业过程，以实现优化的，在环境上更可持续的农业。在本文中，基于低成本，模块化和远程广域网（LoRaWAN）的IoT平台，称为“基于LoRaWAN的智能农业模块化IoT架构”（LoRaFarM），旨在改善对以高度可定制的方式介绍了通用农场。该平台围绕核心中间件构建，可通过临时的低级模块（向中间件提供来自服务器场中部署的传感器的数据）或高级模块（为农民提供高级功能）轻松扩展。拟议的平台已在意大利的一个真实农场中进行了评估，收集了三个月期间与农产品（即葡萄和温室蔬菜）生长相关的环境数据（空气/土壤温度和湿度）。还介绍了用于收集数据的基于Web的可视化工具，以验证LoRaFarM体系结构。