Observations indicate a strong correlation between the occurrence of volcanic eruptions and earthquakes. While increased volcanic activity has been observed following both local and distal earthquakes, some of the largest recorded earthquakes aren’t known to have triggered an eruption. Here we investigate whether an eruption and associated dike intrusion at Ambrym volcano was triggered by an M_w 6.4 earthquake which occurred 30 hours earlier. Modeling suggests that stress changes induced by the earthquake were too small to account for the overpressure in the dike without additional bubble growth to pressurize the magma chamber. We find that the magma must be both H₂O-saturated and at lower temperatures than those expected for newly intruded basalts. Too hot and the stress drop required to grow the bubbles is too large, too cold and the magma can no longer flow. These observations suggest that partially cooled and crystallized basaltic magmas are more susceptible to triggering from earthquakes.

观察表明，火山喷发与地震之间存在很强的相关性。虽然在局部和远侧地震后都观察到火山活动增加，但尚不清楚某些记录在案的最大地震引发了喷发。在这里，我们调查是否在安布里姆岛火山喷发和相关的堤防入侵是由一个触发的中号_W¯¯发生30小时较早6.4级地震。模型表明，地震引起的应力变化太小，无法说明堤防中的超压，而又没有额外的气泡生长来向岩浆腔增压。我们发现岩浆必须都是H ₂O饱和，且温度低于新侵入玄武岩的预期温度。太热且使气泡生长所需的应力降太大，太冷且岩浆不再流动。这些观察结果表明，部分冷却和结晶的玄武岩浆更容易受到地震的触发。