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Spatial and temporal profiles of enteric viruses in the coastal waters of Tokyo Bay during and after a series of rainfall events.
Science of the Total Environment ( IF 9.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-06 , DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138502
Kentaro Inoue 1 , Tatsuya Asami 1 , Tomoyo Shibata 1 , Hiroaki Furumai 2 , Hiroyuki Katayama 1
Affiliation  

Recreational activities in coastal waters that are polluted by enteric viruses can result in gastroenteritis etc. In this study, the pollution profiles of enteric viruses were examined in the coastal area of Tokyo Bay, Japan, by collecting 57 water samples from three different depths (0.5 m, 3.0 m, and 5.0 m) during and after a series of heavy rainfall events. Vertically spatial and temporal changes in the concentrations of NoV genogroup I (GI) and genogroup II (GII), pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV), and Aichi virus (AiV) were determined using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, while those of the bacterial indicator, Escherichia coli, and F-specific RNA bacteriophages (FRNA phages) were monitored using culture methods. PMMoV was highly abundant (1.4 × 104-6.8 × 106 genome copies/L), whereas the concentrations of the other enteric viruses were relatively low (AiV, 1.3 × 102-2.9 × 104; GI, 2.9 × 10-5.6 × 103; GII, 2.5 × 10-1.2 × 104 genome copies/L). All of the viruses showed lower fluctuations in concentration than E. coli, which increased up to 460-fold after the rainfall event and then decreased over the subsequent two weeks. The maximum vertical difference in E. coli concentration was observed immediately after the rainfall. The E. coli reached the surface and then gradually spread down, whereas the virus concentrations exhibited few fluctuations due to the remaining effects of the previous combined sewer overflows. These findings indicate that viruses have a relatively long retention period over fecal indicator bacteria in this coastal area.

中文翻译:

在一系列降雨事件期间和之后,东京湾沿海水域中肠道病毒的时空分布。

在被肠道病毒污染的沿海水域中的娱乐活动可能导致肠胃炎等。在这项研究中,通过在日本东京湾沿岸地区收集了三个不同深度的57个水样,对肠道病毒的污染状况进行了研究。 m,3.0 m和5.0 m)。使用定量逆转录-聚合酶链反应确定NoV基因组I(GI)和基因组II(GII),胡椒轻斑驳病毒(PMMoV)和爱知病毒(AiV)浓度的垂直时空变化。使用培养方法监测细菌指示剂,大肠杆菌和F特异性RNA噬菌体(FRNA噬菌体)。PMMoV非常丰富(1.4×104-6.8×106基因组拷贝/ L),而其他肠道病毒的浓度相对较低(AiV,1.3×102-2.9×104; GI,2.9×10-5.6×103; GII,2.5×10-1.2×104基因组拷贝/ L)。所有这些病毒的浓度波动均低于大肠杆菌,在降雨事件后,这种波动增加至460倍,然后在随后的两周内下降。降雨后立即观察到大肠杆菌浓度的最大垂直差异。大肠杆菌到达地表,然后逐渐扩散,而病毒浓度几乎没有波动,这是由于先前合并的下水道溢流的残留影响。这些发现表明,在该沿海地区,病毒对粪便指示菌的保留期相对较长。6×103; GII,2.5×10-1.2×104基因组拷贝/ L)。所有这些病毒的浓度波动都低于大肠杆菌,在降雨事件发生后,这种波动增加至460倍,然后在随后的两周内下降。降雨后立即观察到大肠杆菌浓度的最大垂直差异。大肠杆菌到达地表,然后逐渐扩散,而病毒浓度由于先前合并的下水道溢流的剩余影响而显示出很少的波动。这些发现表明,在该沿海地区,病毒对粪便指示菌的保留期相对较长。6×103; GII,2.5×10-1.2×104基因组拷贝/ L)。所有这些病毒的浓度波动均低于大肠杆菌,在降雨事件后,这种波动增加至460倍,然后在随后的两周内下降。降雨后立即观察到大肠杆菌浓度的最大垂直差异。大肠杆菌到达地表,然后逐渐扩散,而病毒浓度由于先前合并的下水道溢流的剩余影响而显示出很少的波动。这些发现表明,在该沿海地区,病毒对粪便指示菌的保留期相对较长。在降雨事件之后上升至460倍,然后在随后的两周内下降。降雨后立即观察到大肠杆菌浓度的最大垂直差异。大肠杆菌到达地表,然后逐渐扩散,而病毒浓度几乎没有波动,这是由于先前合并的下水道溢流的残留影响。这些发现表明,在该沿海地区,病毒对粪便指示菌的保留期相对较长。在降雨事件之后上升至460倍,然后在随后的两周内下降。降雨后立即观察到大肠杆菌浓度的最大垂直差异。大肠杆菌到达地表,然后逐渐扩散,而病毒浓度几乎没有波动,这是由于先前合并的下水道溢流的残留影响。这些发现表明,在该沿海地区,病毒对粪便指示菌的保留期相对较长。
更新日期:2020-04-06
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