Lack of evidence for the role of gut microbiota in PAH biodegradation by the polychaete Capitella teleta.,Science of the Total Environment

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Lack of evidence for the role of gut microbiota in PAH biodegradation by the polychaete Capitella teleta.
Science of the Total Environment ( IF 8.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-04 , DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138356
Jeonghwan Jang ₁ , Valery E Forbes ₂ , Michael J Sadowsky ₃

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Capitella teleta is a marine sediment-feeding polychaete known to degrade various polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and reported to possess genes involved in PAH transformation, such as those in the P450 cytochrome superfamily. Previous research focusing on biodegradation of PAHs by C. teleta demonstrated that these worms are effective biodegraders, but overlooked the possible role of its gut microbiota in facilitating PAH metabolism. Recently, C. teleta's microbiome was characterized and found to contain several bacterial genera known to contain PAH-degrading members, including Acinetobacter, Thalassotalea, and Achromobacter. Despite this, however, no data have thus far been presented demonstrating the role of C. teleta's gut microbiota in PAH degradation. The present study was designed to more conclusively determine the presence of PAH-degrading bacteria in worm digestive tracts and to more clearly distinguish the relative roles of worm versus gut-microbial metabolism in the removal of PAH from sediment. To do this, we manipulated marine sediment microorganisms and worm gut microbiota by autoclaving and antibiotic treatment, respectively. Our results showed that no fluoranthene degradation occurred in microcosms in the absence of worms. More importantly, there was no significant difference in fluoranthene degradation between antibiotic-treated and non-treated worms. We also found no evidence of fluoranthene degradation using resting cells of gut microbes of C. teleta, and we were unable to isolate fluoranthene-degrading bacterial strains from enrichments of polychaete gut contents, despite multiple attempts. Gut microbiota in worms treated with antibiotics recovered, through bidirectional transfer, between worms and sediment after 2 weeks of microcosm incubation, and gut microbes appear to be required for the survival and growth of C. teleta. Our results build on previous studies suggesting that C. teleta itself is primarily responsible for the metabolism of fluoranthene in ingested sediment. We hypothesize that C. teleta's core microbiota, which includes members of Propionibacterium as the most abundant genus, likely aid worms in obtaining key nutrients (e.g., vitamins) from its sediment diet.

中文翻译：

缺乏证据表明肠道菌群在多毛小山羊肠中PAH生物降解中的作用。

圆头山羊藻是一种海洋沉积物饲养的多毛小动物，已知能够降解各种多环芳烃（PAH），据报道拥有与PAH转化有关的基因，例如P450细胞色素超家族中的那些。以前的研究集中在通过C. teleta对PAHs进行生物降解的研究表明，这些蠕虫是有效的生物降解剂，但忽略了其肠道菌群在促进PAH代谢中的可能作用。最近，对C. teleta的微生物组进行了鉴定，发现其中包含几个细菌属，这些细菌属已知含有PAH降解成员，包括不动杆菌，海藻和无色杆菌。然而，尽管如此，到目前为止，还没有数据显示出棒状杆菌的肠道菌群在PAH降解中的作用。本研究旨在更确定性地确定蠕虫消化道中降解PAH的细菌的存在，并更清楚地区分蠕虫与肠道微生物代谢在从沉积物中去除PAH的相对作用。为此，我们分别通过高压灭菌和抗生素处理来处理海洋沉积物微生物和蠕虫肠道菌群。我们的结果表明，在没有蠕虫的情况下，在微观世界中没有发生荧蒽降解。更重要的是，在经过抗生素处理的蠕虫和未经处理的蠕虫之间，荧蒽的降解没有显着差异。我们还没有发现利用远缘梭菌肠道微生物的静息细胞降解荧蒽的证据，并且我们无法从富含多毛cha肠内容物中分离出降解荧蒽的细菌菌株，尽管多次尝试。经过2周的微观温育后，经过双向处理后，经抗生素处理的蠕虫中的肠道菌群得以恢复，蠕虫和沉积物之间的肠道菌群得以恢复，而肠道微生物似乎是遥望梭菌的生存和生长所必需的。我们的研究结果建立在先前的研究基础之上，这些研究表明，C。teleta本身主要负责摄入沉积物中的荧蒽的代谢。我们推测，C。teleta的核心微生物群（其中包括丙酸杆菌属是最丰富的属）可能会帮助蠕虫从其沉积食物中获取关键营养素（例如维生素）。肠道微生物似乎是C. teleta生存和生长所必需的。我们的研究结果建立在先前的研究基础之上，这些研究表明，C。teleta本身主要负责摄入沉积物中的荧蒽的代谢。我们推测，C。teleta的核心微生物群（其中包括丙酸杆菌属是最丰富的属）可能会帮助蠕虫从其沉积食物中获取关键营养素（例如维生素）。肠道微生物似乎是C. teleta生存和生长所必需的。我们的研究结果建立在先前的研究基础之上，这些研究表明，C。teleta本身主要负责摄入沉积物中的荧蒽的代谢。我们推测，C。teleta的核心微生物群（其中包括丙酸杆菌属是最丰富的属）可能会帮助蠕虫从其沉积食物中获取关键营养素（例如维生素）。

更新日期：2020-04-06

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