Abstract Fcc-Al (α-Al) + amorphous phase mixtures with ultrahigh hardness are formed by a heating-induced reverse transition from the primary precipitates of α-Al and AlxMy in residual amorphous phase for melt-spun Al84Y9Ni4Co1.5Fe0.5TM1 (TM = V, Nb, Cr, Mo, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni or Cu) amorphous alloys. The resulting particle diameter and volume fraction of the α-Al phase are 5–15 nm and 60–70%, and no internal defects are observed. The solute content in the α-Al phase is 8–11% for the TM = V or Cu alloys. In contrast, the reverse transition is not found for the TM = Zr, Ag or Au alloys, presumably because these elements have atomic radii larger than Al and positive heats of mixing with other solute elements hindering the atomic rearrangements to decompose the AlxMy compound. The [α-Al + amorphous] phase mixture is maintained up to about 700 K and exhibits a Vickers hardness of 550–580, much higher than for the corresponding crystalline alloys. The high hardness at elevated temperature is due to the coexistence of perfect crystal α-Al and high solute-content residual amorphous phase. For a cast conical rod of the TM = Cu alloy, the microstructure is fully amorphous up to a diameter of 0.82 mm, and is an [α-Al + amorphous] phase mixture at larger diameters up to 1.2 mm. The formation of the highly stable [α-Al + amorphous] phase mixtures by the heating-induced reverse transition, as well as the bulk formation (in cast rods) of similar phase mixtures for the TM = V, Nb, Cr, Mo, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni or Cu alloys is promising for future structural and coating materials owing to their high hardness and high elevated-temperature strength.

中文翻译：

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用于多组分铝基合金的纳米混合 fcc-Al 和非晶相的超高热稳定性和硬度

摘要 熔纺 Al84Y9Ni4Co1.5Fe0.5TM1 (TM1) 残余非晶相中 α-Al 和 AlxMy 的初生析出物通过加热诱导逆转变形成具有超高硬度的 Fcc-Al (α-Al) + 非晶相混合物。 = V、Nb、Cr、Mo、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni 或 Cu) 非晶合金。所得α-Al 相的粒径和体积分数为5-15 nm 和60-70%，没有观察到内部缺陷。对于 TM = V 或 Cu 合金，α-Al 相中的溶质含量为 8-11%。相比之下，TM = Zr、Ag 或 Au 合金没有发现反向转变，大概是因为这些元素的原子半径大于 Al，并且与其他溶质元素混合的正热阻碍了原子重排以分解 AlxMy 化合物。[α-Al + 非晶] 相混合物保持在 700 K 左右，维氏硬度为 550-580，远高于相应的结晶合金。高温下的高硬度是由于完美的晶体α-Al 和高溶质含量的残余非晶相共存。对于 TM = Cu 合金的铸造锥形棒，其微观结构在直径达 0.82 毫米时是完全非晶态的，在直径达 1.2 毫米时是 [α-Al + 非晶态] 相混合物。通过加热诱导的反向转变形成高度稳定的 [α-Al + 非晶] 相混合物，以及 TM = V、Nb、Cr、Mo 类似相混合物的本体形成（在铸棒中），锰、铁、钴、