BACKGROUND The presence of pesticides in honey and related products is an increasing concern for consumers and producers, although there is lack of data on the current burden of exposure of the general human population through these products. We present a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis of contamination to insecticides, herbicides and fungicides of products from honeybees, and an estimation of how much the consumption of these products contributes to the ADI (Acceptable Daily Intake) of selected substances. OBJECTIVES We aim to systematically review and meta-analyse studies on the contamination to plant protection products in honey, royal jelly, beeswax and propolis, applying the Navigation Guide and WHO-ILO systematic review methodology as an organizing framework. DATA SOURCES We will search electronic academic databases for potentially relevant records from PubMed, TOXNET and EMBASE. We will include quantitative studies analysing the contamination from insecticides, herbicides and fungicides in honey, propolis, royal jelly and beeswax. In particular, we will evaluate the presence of the following substances and classes of pesticides: Glyphosate, Chlorpyrifos, pyrethroid and neonicotinoid pesticides, fungicides and acaricides. STUDY APPRAISAL AND SYNTHESIS METHODS At least two authors will independently screen titles and abstracts at a first stage of review, and full texts at a second stage, of potentially eligible records against the eligibility criteria; data extraction of included studies will then be performed by at least two authors, in blind. At least two authors will assess risk of bias and the quality of evidence, using the most suited tools currently available. The data on prevalence of contaminated samples and concentration of pesticides in the products will be combined using meta-analysis: when more than three studies reporting the necessary measures to fit the models are available, meta-analysis will be performed separately by product and by exposure; otherwise, weighted descriptive analysis will be performed. We will report the results using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines (PRISMA).

中文翻译：

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对人体暴露于蜂蜜和其他蜂产品中农药残留的系统评价和荟萃分析的协议。

背景技术蜂蜜和相关产品中农药的存在日益引起消费者和生产者的关注，尽管目前尚缺乏有关一般人群通过这些产品暴露的当前负担的数据。我们提出了一个协议，用于对蜜蜂产品中的杀虫剂，除草剂和杀真菌剂的污染进行系统的审查和荟萃分析，并估算这些产品的消耗量对选定物质的ADI（可接受的每日摄入量）的贡献。目的我们旨在以导航指南和WHO-ILO系统审查方法为组织框架，对蜂蜜，蜂王浆，蜂蜡和蜂胶中植物保护产品的污染进行系统的审查和荟萃分析研究。数据来源我们将在电子学术数据库中搜索来自PubMed，TOXNET和EMBASE的潜在相关记录。我们将进行定量研究，分析蜂蜜，蜂胶，蜂王浆和蜂蜡中杀虫剂，除草剂和杀菌剂的污染。特别是，我们将评估以下物质和农药类别的存在：草甘膦，毒死rif，拟除虫菊酯和新烟碱类农药，杀真菌剂和杀螨剂。研究评估和综合方法至少有两位作者将在第一阶段的审查中根据资格标准对标题和摘要进行独立筛选，并在第二阶段对全文进行筛选。然后，至少两名作者将在不知情的情况下对纳入研究进行数据提取。至少有两位作者将使用当前最合适的工具评估偏见风险和证据质量。产品中受污染样品的发生率和农药浓度的数据将通过荟萃分析进行合并：当有三项以上的研究报告了适合模型的必要措施时，荟萃分析将分别按产品和暴露进行; 否则，将执行加权描述性分析。我们将使用“系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目”（PRISMA）报告结果。当有三项以上的研究报告了适合模型的必要措施时，荟萃分析将分别按产品和暴露进行；否则，将执行加权描述性分析。我们将使用“系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目”（PRISMA）报告结果。当有三项以上的研究报告了适合模型的必要措施时，荟萃分析将分别按产品和暴露进行；否则，将执行加权描述性分析。我们将使用“系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目”（PRISMA）报告结果。