Abstract We analyzed the generation characteristics of hydrate in a reaction kettle and established a convection–diffusion model of temperature and carbon dioxide. The concentration of liquid carbon dioxide and carbon dioxide dissolved in water were geometrically modeled according to the density of carbon dioxide and its solubility in water under varying temperature and pressure. The distributions of temperature, carbon dioxide and hydrate were analyzed in the reactor during hydrate formation. The factors affecting carbon dioxide hydrate formation were studied. Simulations of hydrate formation were verified by laboratory tests. The results showed that the convective diffusion of gas greatly increased the rate of hydrate formation. Temperature has a greater impact than matter transfer on hydrate formation. At the initial reaction time, the hydrate mainly existed at the boundary, the two-phase interface and the position of the liquid carbon dioxide. Hydrate finally formed in the middle and was thinnest at the interface. The solid–liquid surface tension caused the liquid water to move upward and form hydrates in the carbon dioxide phase. Hydrate formation at the interface between the initial carbon dioxide and water prevented carbon dioxide from diffusing further into the aqueous phase, which hindered further hydrate formation.

中文翻译：

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反应釜中二氧化碳水合物的生成规律及分布特征

摘要 分析了反应釜中水合物的生成特性，建立了温度和二氧化碳的对流扩散模型。根据二氧化碳的密度及其在不同温度和压力下在水中的溶解度，对液态二氧化碳和溶解在水中的二氧化碳的浓度进行几何建模。在水合物形成过程中分析了反应器中温度、二氧化碳和水合物的分布。研究了影响二氧化碳水合物形成的因素。实验室测试验证了水合物形成的模拟。结果表明，气体的对流扩散大大提高了水合物的形成速率。温度对水合物形成的影响大于物质转移。在最初的反应时间，水合物主要存在于边界、两相界面和液态二氧化碳的位置。水合物最终在中间形成并且在界面处最薄。固液表面张力导致液态水向上移动并在二氧化碳相中形成水合物。在初始二氧化碳和水之间的界面处形成的水合物阻止了二氧化碳进一步扩散到水相中，从而阻碍了进一步的水合物形成。