Silkworm silk has been considered to be a luxurious textile for more than five thousand years. Native silk fibroin (SF) films have excellent (ca. 90%) optical transparency and exhibit fluorescence under UV light. The silk dyeing process is very important and difficult, and methods such as pigmentary coloration and structural coloration have been tested for coloring silk fabrics. To functionalize silk that exhibits fluorescence, the in vivo and in vitro assembly of functional compounds with SF and the resulting amplification of fluorescence emission are examined. Finally, we discuss the applications of SF materials in basic optical elements, light energy conversion devices, photochemical reactions, sensing, and imaging. This review is expected to provide insight into the interaction between light and silk and to inspire researchers to develop silk materials with a consideration of history, material properties, and future prospects.

超过五千年以来，蚕丝一直被认为是一种奢侈的纺织品。天然丝素蛋白（SF）膜具有出色的光学透明度（约90％），并在紫外线下显示荧光。丝绸的染色过程非常重要且困难，并且已经测试了诸如颜料着色和结构着色的方法对丝绸织物进行着色。为了在体内和体外对显示荧光的丝绸进行功能化考察了功能化合物与SF的组装以及荧光发射的放大结果。最后，我们讨论了SF材料在基本光学元件，光能转换设备，光化学反应，传感和成像中的应用。预期该评论将提供对光与丝绸之间相互作用的深入了解，并激发研究人员在考虑历史，材料特性和未来前景的情况下开发丝绸材料。