Influenza viruses are a major public health problem, causing severe respiratory diseases. Vaccines offer the effective protective strategy against influenza virus infection. However, the systemic and adaptive immune responses to infection and vaccination are quite different. Inactivated vaccines are the best available countermeasure to induce effective antibodies against the emerged virus, but the response is narrow compared with potential breadth of virus infection. There is solid evidence to indicate that antibody responses to natural infection are relatively broad and exhibit quite different immunodominance patterns. Furthermore, T follicular helper cells (TFH) and germinal center (GC) responses play a central role in generating broad protective antibodies. In this review, we discuss recent advances on the contribution of TFH and GC responses to the breadth of antibody responses.

中文翻译：

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流感病毒感染和疫苗接种期间抗体反应的广度。

流感病毒是主要的公共卫生问题，会导致严重的呼吸道疾病。疫苗提供了针对流感病毒感染的有效保护策略。但是，对感染和疫苗接种的全身性和适应性免疫反应却大不相同。灭活疫苗是诱导针对新兴病毒的有效抗体的最佳可用对策，但与潜在的病毒感染范围相比，反应较窄。有确凿的证据表明，抗体对自然感染的反应相对广泛，并表现出完全不同的免疫优势模式。此外，T卵泡辅助细胞（TFH）和生发中心（GC）反应在产生广泛的保护性抗体中起着核心作用。在这篇评论中