BACKGROUND The total amount of bio-waste produced annually in the EU by the food and beverage chains is estimated at 37 Mtons. The possibility to use insects for the valorization of by-products from these value chains may represent a sustainable solution. This study aims at investigating the by-products obtained from different food chains for the rearing of black soldier fly prepupae to evaluate lipid content and profile and outline its possible applications. The substrates used in this experiment were: (i) industrial by-products (brewery spent grains, cow's milk whey, grape stalks, and tomato peels and seeds) and (ii) by-products from retailers (bread dough, fish scraps, and spent coffee ground). Fat extracted from prepupae using an adjusted Folch method was utilized for total lipid content and fatty acids profile. RESULTS Best larval performances were obtained from beer (0.22 gweight per prepupa), tomato (0.19 gweight per prepupa), and cheese (0.14 gweight per prepupa) food-chain by-products. The extremely different composition of the substrate was reflected in the differentiated lipid profile of black soldier fly prepupae and in a range of ratios between unsaturated and saturated fatty acids comprised from 0.37 for cow's milk way to 1.34 for tomato peels and seeds. CONCLUSION The high content and type of lipids, together with the proteins, and chitin extracted from prepupae are high-value bio-based products that could be used in the feed/food industry or for the development of innovative biomaterials, such as biodiesel. These results suggest that food chain by-products are the best candidate for insect-bioconversion purposes. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

中文翻译：

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用来自不同食物链的副产品饲养的黑水虻（Hermetia illucens，Stratiomyidae）的脂质分布和生长

背景 欧盟食品和饮料链每年产生的生物废物总量估计为 37 吨。使用昆虫来使这些价值链中的副产品增值的可能性可能是一种可持续的解决方案。本研究旨在调查从不同食物链中获得的用于饲养黑水虻预蛹的副产品，以评估脂质含量和轮廓并概述其可能的应用。本实验中使用的底物是：(i) 工业副产品（啤酒厂用过的谷物、牛奶乳清、葡萄茎、番茄皮和种子）和（ii）零售商的副产品（面包面团、鱼屑和用过的咖啡渣）。使用调整后的 Folch 方法从预蛹中提取的脂肪用于总脂质含量和脂肪酸谱。结果 最佳幼虫性能来自啤酒（0.22 克重/预蛹）、番茄（0.19 克重/预蛹）和奶酪（0.14 克重/预蛹）食物链副产品。底物的极其不同的组成反映在黑水虻预蛹的不同脂质特征以及不饱和脂肪酸和饱和脂肪酸之间的比例范围内，从牛奶方式的 0.37 到番茄皮和种子的 1.34。结论 高含量和类型的脂质，连同蛋白质和从预蛹中提取的几丁质是高价值的生物基产品，可用于饲料/食品工业或用于开发创新生物材料，如生物柴油。这些结果表明，食物链副产品是昆虫生物转化目的的最佳候选者。本文受版权保护。版权所有。