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The lesser purple emperor butterfly, Apatura ilia: from mimesis to biomimetics.
Faraday Discussions ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-03 , DOI: 10.1039/d0fd00036a Franziska Schenk 1 , Doekele G Stavenga 2
Faraday Discussions ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-03 , DOI: 10.1039/d0fd00036a Franziska Schenk 1 , Doekele G Stavenga 2
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Until now, hues as dynamic as those adorning the Apatura emperor butterflies have never been encountered in the painting world. Unlike and unmatched by the chemical pigments traditionally found on the painter’s palette, the emperor’s wings are studded with strongly reflecting iridescent scales that are structured like those of the iconic Morpho butterflies. The scale ridges act as diffractive multilayers, giving rise to narrow-band reflectance spectra. All scales together create a vividly purple iridescent wing colouration that is observed within a narrow angular range only. Recently, synthetic structures analogous to the multilayer reflectors found on butterfly wings have been developed, referred to as effect pigments. Artists can obtain vital clues for how to adapt and adopt these challenging new materials for painting, by tracing the origin of biomimetics back to the ancient concept of mimesis and building on the knowledge accumulated by optical studies. By selecting various effect pigments, and using the lesser purple emperor butterfly, Apatura ilia, as exemplar, we have accurately mimicked the butterfly’s iridescence in art. The resulting artwork, like the butterfly, fluctuates in perceived colour depending on the direction of illumination and viewing. These nature-inspired-colouration and biomimetic-application methods extend the canon of art.
中文翻译：
较小的紫色帝王蝶，Apatura ilia：从模仿到仿生。
直到现在，在绘画界从未遇到过像装饰阿帕图拉帝王蝶那样充满活力的色调。与传统上在画家调色板上发现的化学颜料不同，皇帝的翅膀上镶嵌着强烈反射的彩虹色鳞片，其结构类似于标志性的Morpho蝴蝶。鳞片脊作为多层衍射，产生窄带反射光谱。所有的鳞片共同创造出鲜艳的紫色虹彩翅膀着色，仅在狭窄的角度范围内观察到。最近，已经开发出类似于蝴蝶翅膀上的多层反射器的合成结构，称为效果颜料。通过将仿生学的起源追溯到古老的模仿概念，并以光学研究积累的知识为基础，艺术家可以获得关于如何适应和采用这些具有挑战性的新材料进行绘画的重要线索。通过选择各种效果颜料，并使用较小的紫色帝王蝶Apatura ilia例如，我们在艺术中准确地模仿了蝴蝶的彩虹色。由此产生的艺术品，就像蝴蝶一样，会根据照明和观看的方向在感知颜色上发生波动。这些受自然启发的着色和仿生应用方法扩展了艺术经典。
更新日期：2020-04-03
中文翻译：
较小的紫色帝王蝶，Apatura ilia：从模仿到仿生。
直到现在，在绘画界从未遇到过像装饰阿帕图拉帝王蝶那样充满活力的色调。与传统上在画家调色板上发现的化学颜料不同，皇帝的翅膀上镶嵌着强烈反射的彩虹色鳞片，其结构类似于标志性的Morpho蝴蝶。鳞片脊作为多层衍射，产生窄带反射光谱。所有的鳞片共同创造出鲜艳的紫色虹彩翅膀着色，仅在狭窄的角度范围内观察到。最近，已经开发出类似于蝴蝶翅膀上的多层反射器的合成结构，称为效果颜料。通过将仿生学的起源追溯到古老的模仿概念，并以光学研究积累的知识为基础，艺术家可以获得关于如何适应和采用这些具有挑战性的新材料进行绘画的重要线索。通过选择各种效果颜料，并使用较小的紫色帝王蝶Apatura ilia例如，我们在艺术中准确地模仿了蝴蝶的彩虹色。由此产生的艺术品，就像蝴蝶一样，会根据照明和观看的方向在感知颜色上发生波动。这些受自然启发的着色和仿生应用方法扩展了艺术经典。
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