Particulate matter (PM) pollutants, including nanoscale particles (NPs), have been considered serious threats to public health. In this work, a self-powered air filter that can be used in high-efficiency removal of PM, including NPs, is presented. An ionic liquid–polymer (ILP) composite is irregularly distributed onto a sponge network to form an ILP@MF filter. Enabled by its unique electrochemical properties, the ILP@MF filter can remove PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ with high efficiencies of 99.59% and 99.75%, respectively, after applying a low voltage. More importantly, the charged ILP@MF filter realizes a superior removal for NPs with an efficiency of 93.77%. A micro-button lithium cell or silicon-based solar panel is employed as a power supply platform to fabricate a portable and self-powered face mask, which exhibits excellent efficacy in particulate removal compared to commercial masks. This work shows a great promise for high-performance purification devices and facile mask production to remove particulate pollutants.

包括纳米级颗粒（NPs）在内的颗粒物（PM）污染物被认为是对公共健康的严重威胁。在这项工作中，提出了一种可用于高效去除PM（包括NP）的自供电式空气过滤器。离子液体聚合物（ILP）复合材料不规则地分布在海绵网络上，形成了ILP @ MF过滤器。通过其独特的电化学性能，ILP @ MF过滤器可去除PM _2.5和PM ₁₀施加低电压后，效率分别为99.59％和99.75％。更重要的是，带电的ILP @ MF滤波器可实现93.77％的NP去除效果。微纽扣锂电池或硅基太阳能电池板被用作电源平台，以制造便携式自供电面罩，与商用面罩相比，该面罩在去除微粒方面表现出出色的功效。这项工作显示出高性能净化设备和简便的口罩生产以去除颗粒污染物的巨大希望。