Precision beekeeping or precision apiculture is an apiary management strategy based on the monitoring of individual bee colonies to minimize resource consumption and maximize the productivity of bees. Bees play a fundamental role in ensuring pollination; they can also be considered as indicators of the state of pollution and are used as bio monitors. Beekeeping needs continuous monitoring of the animals and can benefit from advanced intelligent ambiance technologies. The aim of this study was the design of a precision apiculture system (PAS) platform for monitoring and controlling the following environmental parameters: wind, temperature, and relative humidity inside and outside the hive, in order to assess their influence on honey production. PAS is based on an Arduino board with an Atmel microcontroller, and the connection of a load cell for recording the weight of the hive, relative humidity and temperature sensor inside the hive, and relative humidity and temperature sensor outside the hive using an anemometer. PAS was installed in common hives and placed in an open field in a French honeysuckle plot; the system was developed to operate in continuous mode, monitoring the period of 24 April-1 June 2019. Temperature was constant in the monitored period, around 35 °C, inside the hive, proving that no criticalities occurred regarding swarming or absconding. In the period between 24 and 28 May, a lack of honey production was recorded, attributed to a lowering of the external temperature. PAS was useful to point out the eventual reduction in honey production due to wind; several peaks of windiness exceeding 5 m s-1 were recorded, noting that honey production decreases with the peaks in wind. Therefore, the data recorded by PAS platform provided a valid decisional support to the operator. It can be implemented by inserting additional sensors for detecting other parameters, such as rain or sound.

中文翻译：

---

精密养蜂系统在监控蜂蜜日产量中的应用。

精确养蜂或精确养蜂是一种养蜂管理策略，其基于对单个蜂群的监视，以最大程度地减少资源消耗并提高蜜蜂的生产力。蜜蜂在确保授粉中起根本作用；它们也可以视为污染状态的指标，并用作生物监测仪。养蜂业需要对动物进行持续监控，并且可以受益于先进的智能环境技术。这项研究的目的是设计一个精确的养蜂系统（PAS）平台，用于监视和控制以下环境参数：风，温度和蜂巢内外的相对湿度，以评估它们对蜂蜜产量的影响。PAS基于带有Atmel微控制器的Arduino板，测力传感器的连接，用于使用风速计记录蜂箱的重量，蜂箱内部的相对湿度和温度传感器以及蜂箱外部的相对湿度和温度传感器。PAS安装在普通的蜂箱中，并放置在法国金银花地块的空地中；该系统开发为以连续模式运行，监控2019年4月24日至6月1日的时间。在所监控的时间段内，蜂巢内温度恒定在35°C左右，证明没有发生群聚或潜逃的危险。在5月24日至28日期间，由于外部温度降低，记录到蜂蜜产量不足。PAS有助于指出由于风而导致的蜂蜜最终减少；记录到超过5 m s-1的多个风峰值，注意到蜂蜜产量随着风的峰值而降低。因此，PAS平台记录的数据为运营商提供了有效的决策支持。可以通过插入用于检测其他参数（例如雨或声音）的附加传感器来实现。