While the effects of industrial contamination in coastal areas may persist for years in benthos communities, plankton should not show permanent impairments because of their high spatial dynamics, fast turnover times and pronounced seasonality. To test this hypothesis, in 2019 we conducted five surveys in the Bay of Pozzuoli (Gulf of Naples, Mediterranean Sea), in front of a dismissed steel factory and in the adjacent inshore coastal waters. High seasonal variability was observed for bacteria, phytoplankton and mesozooplankton, whereas plankton spatial gradients were relatively smooth during each survey. Plankton biomass and diversity did not reveal any effects of past industrial activities not even at the innermost stations of the Bay, which however showed some signals of present anthropogenic pressure. Hydrodynamic and morphological features likely play a prominent role in maintaining a relatively good status of the plankton of the Bay, which hints at the relevance of coastal circulation and meteorological dynamics to revitalize areas impacted by human activities.

虽然在底栖生物群落中沿海地区工业污染的影响可能会持续数年，但浮游生物不应因其高空间动态性，快速周转时间和明显的季节性而表现出永久性损害。为了验证这一假设，我们在2019年对波佐利湾（那不勒斯湾，地中海），一家废弃的钢铁厂前以及邻近的沿海近海进行了五次调查。细菌，浮游植物和中游浮游动物的季节性变化较大，而每次调查中浮游生物的空间梯度相对较平滑。浮游生物的生物量和多样性甚至在海湾的最内层站都没有揭示过去工业活动的任何影响，但是，这些活动显示了一些当前人为压力的信号。