Brassica carinata A. Braun, grown as a winter crop on underutilized agricultural land in the southeast United States (SE US), may provide a new rotation alternative and augment income for producers. Widespread adoption of Brassica carinata as a winter crop in the SE US requires varieties with cold tolerance, acceptable and stable seed yield, oil content, protein content so that the crop will be complementary with the normal cultivation of summer crops such as cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), corn (Zea mays L.), soybean (Glycine max L. Merr), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) and peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of 11 Brassica carinata genotypes for agronomically important traits including seed yield, oil and protein content, oil quality, days to bolting, flowering and maturity at three locations during two growing seasons (2015–2017) as a winter crop in the SE US. Interactions between genotype and environment played a crucial role in overall agronomic performance. This study provides key information on the effect of environmental conditions, such as precipitation and temperature on the agronomic performance of carinata along with generation of information related to region-specific requirements for the crop in the SE US. Days to maturity ranged from 154 to 165 days. The average yield of the 11 genotypes tested ranged from 2814 kg/ha to 3401 kg/ha, which were improved from earlier studies, demonstrating gain due to regional selection and breeding efforts. Total oil content ranged from 42.0 % to 52.4 %, while the erucic acid (C22:1) content ranged from 40.7 % to 42.9 % on a whole seed basis. Based on these results, specific genotypes with consistently high seed yield, oil, erucic acid and protein content with shorter life cycle irrespective of location or year were identified. Brassica carinata has potential as a viable bioenergy winter crop to be integrated into the cropping systems in the SE US and other regions of the world.

在美国东南部（SE US）未充分利用的农业土地上作为冬季作物种植的甘蓝型油菜（ A. Braun）可能会提供新的轮换方式，并增加生产者的收入。广泛采用的芥作为SE美国冬季作物需要与抗寒性，可接受和稳定的种子产量，油含量，蛋白质含量的品种，这样的产量将是互补随着夏季的正常种植作物，如棉花（陆地棉L.），玉米（Zea mays L.），大豆（Glycine max L.Merr），高粱（Sorghum bicolor L.Moench）和花生（Arachis hypogaeaL.）。这项研究的目的是评估11种芸苔属的性能农业经济重要性状的基因型，包括种子产量，油脂和蛋白质含量，油脂质量，抽bolt天数，开花和成熟期，这两个地区是美国东南部的两个冬季（2015-2017年）的冬季作物。基因型与环境之间的相互作用在整体农艺表现中起着至关重要的作用。这项研究提供了有关环境条件的影响的关键信息，例如降水和温度对石竹的农艺性能的影响，以及与美国东南部作物特定地区需求有关的信息的产生。到期天数从154天到165天不等。测试的11个基因型的平均产量在2814千克/公顷至3401千克/公顷之间，较早先的研究有所提高，这表明由于区域选择和育种努力而获得的收益。以整个种子计，总油含量为42.0％至52.4％，而芥酸（C22：1）含量为40.7％至42.9％。根据这些结果，鉴定出了具有始终如一的高种子产量，油脂，芥酸和蛋白质含量且生命周期较短的特定基因型，而与地点或年份无关。芸苔属油菜作为一种可行的生物能源冬季作物，有潜力被整合到美国东南部和世界其他地区的种植系统中。