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Circadian transcription factors differentially regulate features of the adult overwintering diapause in the Northern house mosquito, Culex pipiens.
Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology ( IF 3.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-02 , DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2020.103365 Vivian Chang 1 , Megan E Meuti 1
Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology ( IF 3.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-02 , DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2020.103365 Vivian Chang 1 , Megan E Meuti 1
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The short days of late summer and early fall are the environmental cues that most temperate insects and other animals use to predict winter's arrival. Although it is still unclear precisely how insects measure daylength, there is mounting evidence that the circadian clock regulates seasonal responses including photoperiodic diapause. Females of the Northern house mosquito, Culex pipiens, enter an adult reproductive diapause in response to short daylengths. While in this state, females divert their resources from reproduction to survival, arresting egg follicle development and increasing fat content. Here, we characterized the expression profile of two circadian transcription factors, vrille (vri) and Par domain protein 1 (Pdp1), as well as genes downstream of the clock, takeout (to) and Nocturnin (Noc) and under different seasonal conditions. We saw that while vri mRNA oscillated under both long day and short day conditions, Pdp1 expression oscillated only under long day conditions and was constitutively upregulated in diapausing females. We saw similar expression profiles for to and Noc, suggesting that PDP1 might regulate their expression or that Pdp1, to and Noc might be regulated by the same transcription factor. We suppressed vri and Pdp1 using RNA interference. dsRNA against vri provided inconsistent results, sometimes stimulating autogenous egg follicle development in both long and short day-reared females, and other times had no effect. In contrast, knocking down Pdp1 prevented short day-reared females from accumulating fat reserves, but increased expression of to and Noc. Taken together, these data suggest that the circadian transcription factors Vri and Pdp1 may independently regulate signaling pathways underlying arrested egg follicle development and fat accumulation in diapausing females of Cx. pipiens.
中文翻译：
昼夜节律的转录因子差异性地调节北屋蚊（Culex pipiens）中成年越冬滞育的特征。
夏末和初秋的短时间是大多数温带昆虫和其他动物用来预测冬天到来的环境线索。尽管仍不清楚昆虫如何精确地测量日间长短，但越来越多的证据表明昼夜节律调节了包括光周期滞育在内的季节性反应。北部蚊子雌性库蚊（Culex pipiens）的雌性会因白天短而进入成年生殖滞育期。在这种状态下，雌性将其资源从繁殖转移到生存，阻止卵泡发育并增加脂肪含量。在这里，我们表征了两个昼夜节律转录因子，vrille（vri）和Par结构域蛋白1（Pdp1）的表达谱，以及时钟，外卖（to）和Nocturnin（Noc）下游以及在不同季节条件下的基因。我们看到，虽然vri mRNA在全天和短日条件下均发生振荡，但Pdp1表达仅在全天条件下均发生振荡，并且在滞育女性中组成性上调。我们看到了to和Noc的相似表达谱，这表明PDP1可能调控它们的表达，或者Pdp1，to和Noc可能由相同的转录因子调控。我们使用RNA干扰抑制了vri和Pdp1。针对vri的dsRNA提供不一致的结果，有时会刺激长日和短日饲养的雌性自卵卵泡发育，而其他时间则无效果。相比之下，敲除Pdp1可以防止短日饲养的雌性动物积累脂肪，但增加了to和Noc的表达。在一起 这些数据表明，昼夜节律转录因子Vri和Pdp1可能独立调节滞育性Cx雌性卵细胞发育停滞和脂肪蓄积的信号通路。pipiens。
更新日期：2020-04-03
中文翻译：
昼夜节律的转录因子差异性地调节北屋蚊（Culex pipiens）中成年越冬滞育的特征。
夏末和初秋的短时间是大多数温带昆虫和其他动物用来预测冬天到来的环境线索。尽管仍不清楚昆虫如何精确地测量日间长短，但越来越多的证据表明昼夜节律调节了包括光周期滞育在内的季节性反应。北部蚊子雌性库蚊（Culex pipiens）的雌性会因白天短而进入成年生殖滞育期。在这种状态下，雌性将其资源从繁殖转移到生存，阻止卵泡发育并增加脂肪含量。在这里，我们表征了两个昼夜节律转录因子，vrille（vri）和Par结构域蛋白1（Pdp1）的表达谱，以及时钟，外卖（to）和Nocturnin（Noc）下游以及在不同季节条件下的基因。我们看到，虽然vri mRNA在全天和短日条件下均发生振荡，但Pdp1表达仅在全天条件下均发生振荡，并且在滞育女性中组成性上调。我们看到了to和Noc的相似表达谱，这表明PDP1可能调控它们的表达，或者Pdp1，to和Noc可能由相同的转录因子调控。我们使用RNA干扰抑制了vri和Pdp1。针对vri的dsRNA提供不一致的结果，有时会刺激长日和短日饲养的雌性自卵卵泡发育，而其他时间则无效果。相比之下，敲除Pdp1可以防止短日饲养的雌性动物积累脂肪，但增加了to和Noc的表达。在一起 这些数据表明，昼夜节律转录因子Vri和Pdp1可能独立调节滞育性Cx雌性卵细胞发育停滞和脂肪蓄积的信号通路。pipiens。
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