Abstract Membrane technology operating in highly concentrated solutions is essential in pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) applications to compete with other renewable energy technologies. Herein, we fabricated highly porous and robust electrospun membranes (ESMs) using a poly(benzoxazole-co-imide) (PBO) polymer. For the first time in osmotic-driven systems, novel one-step direct fluorination was adopted to increase hydrophilicity of the ESM. Direct fluorination increased the total surface energy of the ESM by boosting polar surface energy parameter, which eventually affected the formation of ‘ridge & valley’-like thin film composite membrane (PBO-TFC-F5) through interfacial polymerization of the fluorinated ESM. As a result, PBO-TFC-F5 achieved an unprecedented power density of 87.2 W m−2 using 3 M NaClaq as a draw solution at 27 bar. When PBO-TFC-F5 was used for osmotic heat engine (OHE), it showed a power generation cost of only 203 $·MWh−1, which was less than half the cost observed using commercial membranes. This robust, porous, and high performance PBO-TFC-F5 opens up new possibilities in membrane-based power generation systems.

中文翻译：

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含氟热重排聚合物纳米纤维膜上的薄膜复合材料在压力延迟渗透中实现了 87 W·m-2 的功率密度，提高了渗透热机的经济性

摘要 在压力延迟渗透 (PRO) 应用中，在高浓度溶液中运行的膜技术对于与其他可再生能源技术竞争至关重要。在此，我们使用聚（苯并恶唑-共-酰亚胺）（PBO）聚合物制造了高度多孔且坚固的电纺膜（ESM）。在渗透驱动系统中，首次采用新型一步直接氟化来增加 ESM 的亲水性。直接氟化通过提高极性表面能参数增加了 ESM 的总表面能，最终通过氟化 ESM 的界面聚合影响了“脊谷”状薄膜复合膜（PBO-TFC-F5）的形成。结果，PBO-TFC-F5 在 27 bar 下使用 3 M NaClaq 作为汲取溶液实现了前所未有的 87.2 W m-2 功率密度。当 PBO-TFC-F5 用于渗透热机 (OHE) 时，其发电成本仅为 203 $·MWh-1，不到使用商业膜观察到的成本的一半。这种坚固、多孔且高性能的 PBO-TFC-F5 为基于膜的发电系统开辟了新的可能性。