To achieve ultra-high efficiency and low emissions over the full engine operating range, the intelligent charge compression ignition (ICCI) combustion mode was firstly proposed. In ICCI mode, by real-time control over the injection strategies of two independent direct injection systems (including fuel proportions, injection pressure, timing and duration), the concentration and reactivity stratifications of the air-fuel mixture can be flexibly adjusted. Therefore, in this paper, an experimental study was conducted on a single cylinder diesel engine to research the working mechanism of ICCI mode fueled with biodiesel and n-butanol. Experimental results showed that, the n-butanol/biodiesel ICCI combustion mode had great potential to improve engine efficiency and reduce its emissions. At medium load, the early biodiesel injection timing (SOI2) can shorten the combustion duration and improve the indicated thermal efficiency (ITE), and the maximum ITE can reach 50.7%. As the butanol energy ratio increased, the nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions could be reduced due to the reduction of local high temperature, while NOx emissions were always at low level and it can meet Euro 6 emission standards. The butanol injection pressure had significant effect on the combustion and emission characteristics of the ICCI mode, properly increasing the butanol injection pressure can improve the ITE and reduce emissions, however, excessive butanol injection pressure deteriorates the combustion process, increased the hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emissions. In general, the butanol-biodiesel ICCI mode can achieve stable combustion under different loads while ensuring high efficiency and ultra-low emissions with a single injection of biodiesel at low/medium loads and two injections of biodiesel at high load.

为了在整个发动机工作范围内实现超高效率和低排放，首次提出了智能充气压缩点火（ICCI）燃烧模式。在ICCI模式下，通过实时控制两个独立的直接喷射系统的喷射策略（包括燃料比例，喷射压力，正时和持续时间），可以灵活地调节混合气的浓度和反应性分层。因此，本文对单缸柴油机进行了实验研究，研究了以生物柴油和正丁醇为燃料的ICCI模式的工作机理。实验结果表明，该ñ-丁醇/生物柴油ICCI燃烧模式具有提高发动机效率和减少排放的巨大潜力。在中等负荷下，早期生物柴油喷射正时（SOI2）可以缩短燃烧时间并提高指示的热效率（ITE），最大ITE可以达到50.7％。随着丁醇能量比的增加，由于局部高温的降低，氮氧化物（NOx）的排放量可能会减少，而NOx的排放量始终处于较低水平，并且可以达到欧6排放标准。丁醇注入压力对ICCI模式的燃烧和排放特性有显着影响，适当增加丁醇注入压力可以改善ITE并减少排放，但是，丁醇注入压力过大会使燃烧过程恶化，增加了碳氢化合物和一氧化碳的排放。通常，丁醇-生物柴油的ICCI模式可以在不同负载下实现稳定燃烧，同时通过在低/中负载下单次注入生物柴油和在高负载下两次注入生物柴油来确保高效和超低排放。