Transportation system infrastructure often experiences severe flood-related disruptions such as overtopping, erosion, and scour. The ensuing damages can result in enormous direct and indirect economic losses to the traffic network and consequently the individuals through conditions like inaccessibility to commuters and reduction in traffic safety. Many studies have claimed that a robust transportation system could significantly prevent such consequences from natural hazards such as floods, highlighting the importance of robustness measures that could be used by decision-makers to properly manage flooded transportation system. Most available measures related to network robustness assessment are qualitative, and while some recent studies have focused on such evaluation using quantitative assessment approaches related to environmental or social-economic operations, they lack the holistic view towards robustness under flood events. This study develops a composite multi-scale transportation-system robustness model considering flood hazards by synthesizing geographical damage recognition, topological functionality analysis, network operation evaluation, and traffic-user loss estimation. This integrated model has been applied in a real-world highway network, mainly revealing that a given intensive flood occurrence at different locations may result in a variety of after-flood disruptions in the transportation network. To assist the asset owners with developing more reasonable prevention and recovery plans, the developed multi-scale robustness index presents both visible multi-denominational flood consequences and an overall post-event transportation-system robustness indicator.

运输系统的基础设施通常会遭受与洪水有关的严重破坏，例如翻倒，侵蚀和冲刷。随之而来的损害会给交通网络造成巨大的直接和间接经济损失，并因此导致通勤者无法通行和交通安全降低等情况。许多研究声称，稳健的运输系统可以显着防止洪水等自然灾害带来的后果，突显了决策者可以使用稳健性措施正确管理洪水泛滥的运输系统的重要性。与网络鲁棒性评估相关的大多数可用度量是定性的，尽管最近的一些研究集中在使用与环境或社会经济运行相关的定量评估方法进行的评估，但它们缺乏对洪水事件下的稳健性的整体看法。这项研究通过综合地理损伤识别，拓扑功能分析，网络运行评估和交通用户损失估计，开发了一种考虑洪水灾害的综合多尺度运输系统鲁棒性模型。该集成模型已应用于现实世界的高速公路网络中，主要表明在不同位置发生的给定密集洪水可能会导致交通网络中的各种洪水后破坏。为了帮助资产所有者制定更合理的预防和恢复计划，