Reversing sodium differentials between the hemolymph and hindgut speeds chill coma recovery but reduces survival in the fall field cricket, Gryllus pennsylvanicus.,Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology

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Reversing sodium differentials between the hemolymph and hindgut speeds chill coma recovery but reduces survival in the fall field cricket, Gryllus pennsylvanicus.
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology ( IF 2.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2020.110699
Jacqueline E Lebenzon ₁ , Lauren E Des Marteaux ₁ , Brent J Sinclair ₁

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Chill-susceptible insects enter the reversible state of chill coma at their critical thermal minimum (CTmin). During chill coma, movement of Na+ and water from the hemolymph to the gut lumen disrupt ion and water balance. Recovery from cold exposure requires re-establishment of this balance, and failure to do so results in chilling injury or death. We hypothesized that the passive leak of Na+ and consequently water during cold exposure is driven by the [Na+] differential between the gut and hemolymph. To determine the extent to which this [Na+] differential affects cold tolerance, we used artificial diets to load the guts of fall field crickets (Gryllus pennsylvanicus) with various concentrations of Na+. Manipulating [Na+] differentials had no effect on the CTmin, agreeing with recent studies demonstrating that chill coma onset precedes loss of ion balance in the cold. A high [Na+] diet reversed the direction of the [Na+] differential between the gut and hemolymph. Crickets fed a high [Na+] diet recovered from 12 h of chill coma nearly twice as fast as those fed low [Na+] diets. However, the high [Na+] diet was detrimental to survival after prolonged cold exposure (three days at 0 °C). Therefore, while a reduced [Na+] differential helps crickets recover from short-term cold exposure, an increased gut Na+ load itself appears to carry longer-term costs and promotes irreversible chilling injury.

中文翻译：

逆转血淋巴和后肠之间的钠差异可加快寒冷昏迷的恢复速度，但会降低秋季田Gryllus pennsylvanicus的存活率。

对寒冷敏感的昆虫会在其临界热最小值（CTmin）进入冷昏迷的可逆状态。在寒冷昏迷期间，Na +和水从血淋巴到肠腔的运动破坏了离子和水的平衡。要从冷暴露中恢复过来，就需要重新建立这种平衡，否则，将导致冻伤或死亡。我们假设，冷暴露期间Na +的被动泄漏以及相应的水分泄漏是由肠道和血淋巴之间的[Na +]差异驱动的。为了确定这种[Na +]差异影响耐寒性的程度，我们使用人工饮食在秋季田（Gryllus pennsylvanicus）的肠内装载了各种浓度的Na +。操纵[Na +]差异对CTmin无影响，同意最近的研究，该研究表明在寒冷时冷昏迷的发作先于离子平衡的丧失。高[Na +]饮食会逆转肠道和血淋巴之间[Na +]差异的方向。12饲喂高[Na +]日粮可从12小时的寒冷昏迷中恢复，其速度几乎是fed饲低[Na +]日粮的those的两倍。但是，高[Na +]饮食对长时间的冷暴露（在0°C下需要三天）不利于生存。因此，虽然减少的[Na +]差异有助于从短期的冷暴露中恢复过来，但肠道中Na +负荷的增加本身似乎要承担长期的费用并加剧不可逆的冷害。12饲喂高[Na +]日粮可从12小时的寒冷昏迷中恢复，其速度几乎是fed饲低[Na +]日粮的those的两倍。但是，高[Na +]饮食对长时间的冷暴露（在0°C下需要三天）不利于生存。因此，虽然减少的[Na +]差异有助于从短期的冷暴露中恢复过来，但肠道中Na +负荷的增加本身似乎要承担长期的费用并加剧不可逆的冷害。12饲喂高[Na +]日粮可从12小时的寒冷昏迷中恢复，其速度几乎是fed饲低[Na +]日粮的those的两倍。但是，高[Na +]饮食对长时间的冷暴露（在0°C下需要三天）不利于生存。因此，虽然减少的[Na +]差异有助于从短期的冷暴露中恢复过来，但肠道中Na +负荷的增加本身似乎要承担长期的费用并加剧不可逆的冷害。

更新日期：2020-04-03

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