Potassium alleviates ammonium toxicity in rice by reducing its uptake through activation of plasma membrane H+-ATPase to enhance proton extrusion.,Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

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Potassium alleviates ammonium toxicity in rice by reducing its uptake through activation of plasma membrane H+-ATPase to enhance proton extrusion.
Plant Physiology and Biochemistry ( IF 6.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-02 , DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.03.040
Lingyin Weng ₁ , Maoxing Zhang ₂ , Ke Wang ₃ , Guanglei Chen ₂ , Ming Ding ₂ , Wei Yuan ₃ , Yiyong Zhu ₂ , Weifeng Xu ₃ , Feiyun Xu ₃

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Potassium (K+) has been reported to alleviate ammonium (NH4+) toxicity in rice through some underlying mechanisms, but it still not clear. In addition, K+ is an important cation for activation of plasma membrane (PM) H+-ATPase activity. Here, we hypothesized that K+ alleviated NH4+ toxicity by mediating PM H+-ATPase function in rice root. In this study, rice plants were cultivated in hydroponic solution with various concentrations of K+ and NH4+. By concurrently supplying K+ with NH4+ or re-supplying K+ after NH4+ toxicity, we found that high K+ concentration reduced the NH4+ uptake rate, enhanced the H+ extrusion rate by the roots, and alleviated rice NH4+ toxicity. The gene expression levels of PM H+-ATPase members (OsA1, 3, 7, 8, and 9) were upregulated by application of increasing concentrations of K+ under NH4+ toxicity. The PM H+-ATPase activity and protein expression in rice roots were also enhanced. Furthermore, the enhancement of PM H+-ATPase activity by a specific stimulator (fusicoccin) rescued rice seedlings from NH4+ toxicity. Taken together, these results indicate that K+ can alleviate NH4+ toxicity, possibly by activating PM H+-ATPase to extrude more H+ and inhibit NH4+ uptake by root. Our results may enhance understanding of the strategy of applying K+ fertilizer to mitigate crop NH4+ toxicity in agriculture.

中文翻译：

钾通过激活质膜H + -ATPase来增强质子挤出，从而减少对水稻的吸收，从而减轻了铵中毒。

据报道，钾（K +）通过一些潜在的机制减轻了水稻中铵（NH4 +）的毒性，但目前尚不清楚。此外，K +是激活质膜（PM）H + -ATPase活性的重要阳离子。在这里，我们假设钾离子通过介导水稻根系中的PM H + -ATPase功能减轻了NH4 +毒性。在这项研究中，将水稻植物种植在含有不同浓度K +和NH4 +的水培溶液中。通过同时向K +提供NH4 +或在NH4 +毒性后重新供应K +，我们发现高K +浓度降低了NH4 +的吸收速率，提高了根部对H +的挤出速率，并减轻了水稻的NH4 +毒性。在NH4 +毒性下，通过增加浓度的K +上调PM H + -ATPase成员（OsA1、3、7、8和9）的基因表达水平。水稻根部的PM H + -ATPase活性和蛋白质表达也得到增强。此外，通过特定刺激剂（fusicoccin）增强PM H + -ATPase活性可以使水稻幼苗免受NH4 +毒性的影响。综上所述，这些结果表明，K +可能通过激活PM H + -ATPase挤出更多的H +并抑制根吸收NH4 +来减轻NH4 +毒性。我们的结果可能会加深对使用钾肥减轻农业中农作物NH4 +毒性的策略的理解。可能是通过激活PM H + -ATPase挤出更多的H +并抑制根对NH4 +的吸收。我们的结果可能会加深对使用钾肥减轻农业中农作物NH4 +毒性的策略的理解。可能是通过激活PM H + -ATPase挤出更多的H +并抑制根对NH4 +的吸收。我们的结果可能会加深对使用钾肥减轻农业中农作物NH4 +毒性的策略的理解。

更新日期：2020-04-03

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