Recent technological advances have stimulated efforts to bring personalized medicine into practice. Yet, traditional application fields like therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) have remained rather under-appreciated. Owing to clear dose-response relationships, TDM could improve patient outcomes and reduce healthcare costs. While chromatography-based routine practices are restricted due to high costs and turnaround times, biosensors overcome these limitations by offering on-site analysis. Nevertheless, sensor-based approaches have yet to break through for clinical TDM applications, due to the gap between scientific and clinical communities. We provide a critical overview of current TDM practices, followed by a TDM guideline to establish a common ground across disciplines. Finally, we discuss how the translation of sensor systems for TDM can be facilitated, by highlighting the challenges and opportunities.

最近的技术进步刺激了将个性化医疗付诸实践的努力。然而，诸如治疗药物监测 (TDM) 等传统应用领域仍然未被充分重视。由于明确的剂量反应关系，TDM 可以改善患者预后并降低医疗保健成本。虽然基于色谱法的常规实践由于成本高和周转时间长而受到限制，但生物传感器通过提供现场分析克服了这些限制。然而，由于科学界和临床界之间的差距，基于传感器的方法尚未在临床 TDM 应用中取得突破。我们提供了当前 TDM 实践的重要概述，然后是 TDM 指南，以建立跨学科的共同点。最后，