Electrohydrodynamic-Driven Micromixing for the Synthesis of Highly Monodisperse Nanoscale Liposomes,ACS Applied Nano Materials

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Electrohydrodynamic-Driven Micromixing for the Synthesis of Highly Monodisperse Nanoscale Liposomes
ACS Applied Nano Materials ( IF 5.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-01 , DOI: 10.1021/acsanm.9b02407
Paresa Modarres ₁ , Maryam Tabrizian _{1,

2}

Affiliation

Microfluidic-based chemical synthesis is uniquely suited for the fabrication of reproducible and monodisperse nanoparticle batches due to the highly controlled reaction environments in microscale dimensions. With many passive and active micromixers emerging for the on-chip chemical synthesis needs, electrically driven fluid actuation is yet an unexplored technique with much-unrealized potentials. Accordingly, in this study, we propose a micromixer based on electrohydrodynamic-driven fluid instabilities for the synthesis of liposomes using the nanoprecipitation principle. The mixing channel embeds microelectrodes to impose a transverse electric field upon coflowing reagent-containing solvent and antisolvent streams. The sharp discontinuity in electrical parameters of solvent and antisolvent solutions at their interfaces is the source of fluid motion when low AC voltages are applied to the electrodes. The fluid instabilities at the interfaces lead to efficient mixing and nanoprecipitation of nanoparticles producing highly monodisperse liposomes for the unprecedented flow rates up to 400 μL/min and small voltages up to 10 V_pp compared to its counterpart active micromixers. The liposome characteristics were studied by systematically evaluating the flow parameters, initial lipid concentrations, and surface charge. The obtained results and the working mechanism of the proposed micromixer can readily be extended to the production of nanoparticles of different chemistries relying on mixing of biphasic liquids.

中文翻译：

电流体动力学驱动微混合法合成高度单分散的纳米脂质体

基于微流体的化学合成由于在微观尺度上受到高度控制的反应环境，特别适合于制造可重现和单分散的纳米颗粒批次。随着许多被动和主动微型混合器的出现，它们满足了片上化学合成的需求，电动流体驱动技术仍是一种尚未开发的技术，其潜力尚未实现。因此，在这项研究中，我们提出了一种基于电流体动力学驱动的流体不稳定性的微型混合器，用于利用纳米沉淀原理合成脂质体。混合通道嵌入微电极，以在含试剂和反溶剂流共同流动时施加横向电场。当向电极施加低交流电压时，溶剂和反溶剂溶液的电参数急剧不连续，是流体运动的根源。界面处的流体不稳定性导致纳米颗粒的高效混合和纳米沉淀，从而产生高度单分散的脂质体，空载流速高达400μL/ min，电压低至10 V_pp与其对应的有源微型混合器相比。通过系统地评估流量参数，初始脂质浓度和表面电荷来研究脂质体的特性。所获得的结果和所提出的微混合器的工作机理可以容易地扩展到依赖于双相液体的混合来生产不同化学性质的纳米颗粒。

更新日期：2020-04-01

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