Background Cervical cancer is the leading cause of cancer among women in Swaziland; however, a low rate of cervical screening in this population has led to high rates of morbidity and mortality from cervical cancer. Objective To identify factors associated with lack of cervical screening among women in Swaziland. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 300 women aged 18–69 years attending clinics in three regions of Swaziland from May to August of 2014. An investigator-administered questionnaire was used to collect data on socioeconomic factors, health-seeking behaviors, reproductive history, and cervical screening history and knowledge from the women. Results Adjusted multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that women < 30 years of age were less likely to receive a cervical exam compared to women ≥30 years of age (Odds Ratio 0.06, 95% Confidence Interval 0.01–0.67). Women who had a tertiary education were almost 6 times more likely to receive a cervical screening (OR 5.83, 95% CI 1.11–30.50). Women who said that they did not know when to receive cervical screening were 73% less likely to have a cervical exam (OR 0.27, 95% CI 0.01–0.74). Conclusions Younger age, lower educational level, and lack of knowledge about when to receive a cervical screening affected whether women obtained a cervical screening. This indicates the need for educating women, particularly younger women, about the importance of cervical examinations. Addressing these barriers to screening should lead to a decrease in cervical lesions and cancer, especially in this high HIV-positive population.

中文翻译：

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斯威士兰妇女的社会人口因素、求医行为、生育史和宫颈筛查知识


背景 宫颈癌是斯威士兰妇女癌症的主要原因；然而，该人群的宫颈筛查率较低，导致宫颈癌的发病率和死亡率较高。目的 确定斯威士兰妇女缺乏宫颈筛查的相关因素。方法 对 2014 年 5 月至 8 月在斯威士兰三个地区就诊的 300 名 18-69 岁女性进行横断面研究。采用调查问卷收集社会经济因素、寻求健康行为、生殖健康等方面的数据。女性的病史、宫颈筛查史和知识。结果 调整后的多变量逻辑回归分析显示，与 30 岁以上的女性相比，< 30 岁的女性接受宫颈检查的可能性较小（优势比 0.06，95% 置信区间 0.01–0.67）。接受过高等教育的女性接受宫颈筛查的可能性几乎高出 6 倍（OR 5.83，95% CI 1.11-30.50）。表示不知道何时接受宫颈筛查的女性进行宫颈检查的可能性降低了 73%（OR 0.27，95% CI 0.01–0.74）。结论 年龄较小、受教育程度较低以及缺乏宫颈筛查知识会影响女性是否接受宫颈筛查。这表明需要对女性，特别是年轻女性进行宫颈检查的重要性教育。解决这些筛查障碍应该会减少宫颈病变和癌症，特别是在艾滋病毒阳性率较高的人群中。