As genetic counseling services expand and reach a wider catchment of the population, there is a critical need to better understand the impact of services on a greater diversity of patients. We conducted a systematic review to evaluate genetic counseling experiences and outcomes among racial and ethnic minorities. Six databases extracted articles published from 2005 to 2019 that assessed genetic counseling participation, knowledge and awareness, motivators, barriers, perceptions, and outcomes for racial and ethnic minority populations in the United States. Genetic counseling outcomes were categorized using the Framework for Outcomes of Clinical commUnication Services. A total of 1,227 abstracts were identified, of which 23 papers met inclusion criteria. Results suggest the possibility of racial and ethnic differences in some genetic counseling experiences and outcomes but noted differences were not adequately replicated between studies. The few included studies differed greatly in aims, methods, and results, which made comparison across study designs challenging and effectively barred thematic analysis. Additional research is needed that includes more study populations and settings with patients of diverse racial and ethnic backgrounds, as well as more structured study designs that allow for elucidations of differences between White and non-White populations.

中文翻译：

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美国遗传咨询经验和结果中的种族和种族差异：系统综述。

随着遗传咨询服务的扩展并覆盖更广泛的人群，迫切需要更好地了解服务对更多患者的影响。我们进行了系统的评估，以评估种族和少数民族之间的遗传咨询经验和结果。六个数据库摘录了2005年至2019年发表的文章，这些文章评估了遗传咨询在美国种族和少数族裔人群中的参与程度，知识和意识，动机，障碍，看法和结果。遗传咨询的结果根据《临床交流服务框架》进行了分类。共鉴定出1,227篇摘要，其中23篇符合纳入标准。结果表明在某些遗传咨询经验和结果中种族和种族差异的可能性，但指出研究之间的差异没有得到足够的复制。少数纳入研究的目的，方法和结果差异很大，这使得研究设计之间的比较具有挑战性，并有效地阻止了主题分析。需要进行更多的研究，包括更多的研究人群和背景不同的种族和种族背景的患者，以及更加结构化的研究设计，以阐明白人和非白人人群之间的差异。这使得跨研究设计的比较具有挑战性，并有效地禁止了主题分析。需要进行其他研究，包括更多的研究人群和不同种族和族裔背景的患者的环境，以及更加结构化的研究设计，以阐明白人和非白人人口之间的差异。这使得研究设计之间的比较具有挑战性，并有效地阻止了主题分析。需要进行其他研究，包括更多的研究人群和不同种族和族裔背景的患者的环境，以及更加结构化的研究设计，以阐明白人和非白人人口之间的差异。