The hydrological regime of the Iberian Peninsula is characterized by its extreme irregularity, including its propensity for periodic floods, which cause severe floods. The development of suitable cartographies and hydraulic models (HEC-RAS, IBER, etc.) allows for defining, with sufficient precision, the areas flooded by a determined return period, and for elaborating maps of danger and areas at risk of flooding, making it possible to adopt the corresponding preventive measures of spatial planning. These preventive measures do not avoid the need for contingent plans, such as the Civil Flooding Protection Plans. Many of the Peninsula’s watercourses and rivers are regulated by reservoirs built to ensure water supply and to smooth floods by releasing water in extreme hydrological climates. Hydrological modeling tools (rain/run-off) and Decision Support Systems DSS have been developed for the optimal operation of these dams in flood situations. The objective of the article is to study and prove the effectiveness of the integrated data provision in real time, while the event occurs—a circumstance that was not possible from the limited available meteorological stations available from Official Weather Services. The development of the Automatic Hydrological Information System (SAIH) in the Spanish River Basin Authorities (Confederaciones Hidrograficas), which includes a dense network of thermo-pluviometric stations and rain-river flow gauges, has allowed for new perspectives in order to realize an effective forecast method of flows during episodes of extreme precipitation. In this article, we will describe the integration of a hydrological modeling system, developed by the Confederacion Hidrografica del Tajo (River Authority), to meet the described objectives; the results of this methodology are novel. This allows for the processing of the 15-minute data provided, including the simulation of the snow accumulation/melting processes and the forecast of inflows to the reservoir to help in the establishment of safeguards and preventive waterflow releases. Finally, the methodology described is shown in a real case of study at Rosarito and El Burguillo Reservoirs.

中文翻译：

---

塔霍盆地的实时数据和洪水预报。案例研究：2018 年 3 月 8 日至 12 日的 Rosarito 和 El Burguillo 水库

伊比利亚半岛的水文状况的特点是极度不规则，包括周期性洪水的倾向，这会导致严重的洪水。适当的制图和水力模型（HEC-RAS、IBER 等）的开发允许以足够的精度定义在确定的重现期被淹没的区域，并详细说明危险和有洪水风险的区域的地图，使其可以采取相应的空间规划预防措施。这些预防措施并不能避免对应急计划的需求，例如民间洪水保护计划。半岛的许多水道和河流都由为确保供水和通过在极端水文气候下放水来平息洪水而建造的水库进行调节。水文建模工具（雨水/径流）和决策支持系统 DSS 已开发用于在洪水情况下优化这些大坝的运行。本文的目的是研究和证明在事件发生时实时提供综合数据的有效性——这是官方天气服务提供的有限可用气象站无法实现的情况。西班牙河流域当局 (Confederaciones Hidrograficas) 的自动水文信息系统 (SAIH) 的开发，其中包括一个密集的热雨量站和雨水河流流量计网络，为实现有效的水文信息系统提供了新的视角。极端降水事件期间的流量预测方法。在本文中，我们将描述由 Confederacion Hidrografica del Tajo（河流管理局）开发的水文建模系统的集成，以实现所描述的目标；这种方法的结果是新颖的。这允许处理提供的 15 分钟数据，包括积雪/融化过程的模拟和水库流入量的预测，以帮助建立保障措施和预防性水流释放。最后，在 Rosarito 和 El Burguillo Reservoirs 的一个真实研究案例中展示了所描述的方法。包括积雪/融化过程的模拟和水库流入量的预测，以帮助建立保障措施和预防性水流释放。最后，在 Rosarito 和 El Burguillo Reservoirs 的一个真实研究案例中展示了所描述的方法。包括积雪/融化过程的模拟和水库流入量的预测，以帮助建立保障措施和预防性水流释放。最后，在 Rosarito 和 El Burguillo Reservoirs 的一个真实研究案例中展示了所描述的方法。