In the present article, we intend to study quasi-analytically the unsteady three-dimensional squeezed flow of the magnetite–graphene oxide/water hybrid nanofluid inside a rotating channel with two horizontal and parallel sheets, in which the lower sheet is stationary, stretchable, and permeable, while the upper sheet is moving and impermeable. Our methodology is based on the single-phase Tiwari–Das hybrid nanofluid model considering nanoparticles and base fluid masses instead volume concentration of first and second nanoparticles. The dimensional partial differential equations are altered to a set of nondimensional ordinary differential equations with the help of similarity transformation method, which is then solved numerically using the bvp4c function from MATLAB. The governing similarity parameters are the empirical shape factor of nanoparticles, the suction parameter, the squeezing parameter, the rotation parameter, the Eckert number, and the Prandtl number. Results indicate that when the upper sheet faster moves toward the lower sheet, the profiles trend is opposite in comparison with when the upper sheet faster moves away from the lower one. On the one hand, the drastic thermal conductivity of the graphene oxide is a major reason to achieve maximum heat transfer rate enhancement of our working fluid. Finally, this study may be applicable in biomechanics, flow through arteries, food processing, polymer processing, lubrication, injection modeling, etc.

中文翻译：

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水性磁铁矿-氧化石墨烯混合纳米流体的三维挤压流：一种具有形状因子效应分析的新型混合模型

在本文中，我们打算准分析地研究磁铁矿-氧化石墨烯/水杂化纳米流体在具有两个水平和平行片的旋转通道内的非定常三维挤压流动，其中下片是静止的、可拉伸的，和可渗透的，而上层是移动的且不可渗透的。我们的方法基于单相 Tiwari-Das 混合纳米流体模型，考虑纳米颗粒和基础流体质量而不是第一和第二纳米颗粒的体积浓度。在相似变换方法的帮助下，将维数偏微分方程转化为一组无量纲常微分方程，然后使用 MATLAB 中的 bvp4c 函数对其进行数值求解。控制相似性参数是纳米颗粒的经验形状因子、吸力参数、挤压参数、旋转参数、埃克特数和普朗特数。结果表明，当上板较快地移向下板时，与上板较快远离下板时的轮廓趋势相反。一方面，氧化石墨烯的热导率是实现我们工作流体最大传热率增强的主要原因。最后，这项研究可能适用于生物力学、流经动脉、食品加工、聚合物加工、润滑、注射建模等。结果表明，当上板较快地移向下板时，与上板较快远离下板时的轮廓趋势相反。一方面，氧化石墨烯的热导率是实现我们工作流体最大传热率增强的主要原因。最后，这项研究可能适用于生物力学、流经动脉、食品加工、聚合物加工、润滑、注射建模等。结果表明，当上板较快地移向下板时，与上板较快远离下板时的轮廓趋势相反。一方面，氧化石墨烯的热导率是实现我们工作流体最大传热率增强的主要原因。最后，这项研究可能适用于生物力学、流经动脉、食品加工、聚合物加工、润滑、注射建模等。