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Mercury bioaccumulation in freshwater fishes of the Chesapeake Bay watershed.
Ecotoxicology ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-01 , DOI: 10.1007/s10646-020-02193-5
James J Willacker 1 , Collin A Eagles-Smith 1 , Vicki S Blazer 2
Affiliation  

Chemical contaminants are a threat to the Chesapeake Bay watershed, with mercury (Hg) among the most prevalent causes of impairment. Despite this, large-scale patterns of Hg concentrations, and the potential risks to fish, wildlife, and humans across the watershed, are poorly understood. We compiled fish Hg data from state monitoring programs and recent research efforts to address this knowledge gap and provide a comprehensive assessment of fish Hg concentrations in the watershed's freshwater habitats. The resulting dataset consisted of nearly 8000 total Hg (THg) concentrations from 600 locations. Across the watershed, fish THg concentrations spanned a 44-fold range, with mean concentrations varying by 2.6- and 8.8-fold among major sub-watersheds and individual 8-digit hydrological units, respectively. Although, mean THg concentrations tended to be moderate, fish frequently exceeded benchmarks for potential adverse health effects, with 45, 48, and 36% of all samples exceeding benchmarks for human, avian piscivore, and fish risk, respectively. Importantly, the percentage of fish exceeding these benchmarks was not uniform among species or locations. The variation in fish THg concentrations among species and sites highlights the roles of waterbody, landscape, and ecological processes in shaping broad patterns in Hg risk across the watershed. We outline an integrated Hg monitoring program that could identify key factors influencing Hg concentrations across the watershed and facilitate the implementation of management strategies to mitigate the risks posed by Hg.

中文翻译:

切萨皮克湾流域的淡水鱼类中汞的生物富集。

化学污染物是对切萨皮克湾流域的威胁,汞(Hg)是造成损害的最普遍原因之一。尽管如此,人们对汞浓度的大范围分布以及跨流域的鱼类,野生生物和人类的潜在风险知之甚少。我们从国家监测计划和最近的研究工作中收集了鱼类汞数据,以解决这一知识差距,并提供对流域淡水生境中鱼类汞浓度的综合评估。所得数据集由来自600个位置的近8000个总Hg(THg)浓度组成。在整个流域中,鱼类THg的浓度跨度为44倍,主要子流域和单个8位数水文单位的平均浓度分别为2.6倍和8.8倍。虽然,平均THg浓度趋于中等,鱼类经常超过潜在的有害健康影响基准,所有样本中有45%,48%和36%的样本分别超过人,禽食肉动物和鱼类的风险基准。重要的是,不同物种或地区之间超过这些基准的鱼类百分比并不一致。鱼类和物种之间THg浓度的变化突显了水体,景观和生态过程在塑造流域汞风险的广泛格局中的作用。我们概述了一个综合的汞监测计划,该计划可以确定影响流域内汞浓度的关键因素,并促进实施管理策略以减轻汞带来的风险。在所有样本中,分别有48%和36%的样本超过了人类,鸟类食肉动物和鱼类风险的基准。重要的是,超过这些基准的鱼类百分比在物种或位置之间是不一致的。鱼类和物种之间THg浓度的变化突显了水体,景观和生态过程在塑造整个流域汞风险的广泛格局中的作用。我们概述了一个综合的汞监测计划,该计划可以确定影响流域内汞浓度的关键因素,并促进实施管理策略以减轻汞带来的风险。在所有样本中,分别有48%和36%的样本超过了人类,鸟类食肉动物和鱼类风险的基准。重要的是,不同物种或地区之间超过这些基准的鱼类百分比并不一致。鱼类和物种之间THg浓度的变化突显了水体,景观和生态过程在塑造整个流域汞风险的广泛格局中的作用。我们概述了一个综合的汞监测计划,该计划可以确定影响流域内汞浓度的关键因素,并促进实施管理策略以减轻汞带来的风险。鱼类和物种之间THg浓度的变化突显了水体,景观和生态过程在塑造整个流域汞风险的广泛格局中的作用。我们概述了一个综合的汞监测计划,该计划可以确定影响流域内汞浓度的关键因素,并促进实施管理策略以减轻汞带来的风险。鱼类和物种之间THg浓度的变化突显了水体,景观和生态过程在塑造整个流域汞风险的广泛格局中的作用。我们概述了一个综合的汞监测计划,该计划可以确定影响流域内汞浓度的关键因素,并促进实施管理策略以减轻汞带来的风险。
更新日期:2020-04-21
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