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A flexible network of vimentin intermediate filaments promotes migration of amoeboid cancer cells through confined environments.
Journal of Biological Chemistry ( IF 4.0 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-31 , DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.011537
Sandrine B Lavenus 1 , Sara M Tudor 1 , Maria F Ullo 1 , Karl W Vosatka 1 , Jeremy S Logue 2
Affiliation  

Tumor cells can spread to distant sites through their ability to switch between mesenchymal and amoeboid (bleb-based) migration. Because of this difference, inhibitors of metastasis must account for each migration mode. However, the role of vimentin in amoeboid migration has not been determined. Because amoeboid leader bleb-based migration (LBBM) occurs in confined spaces and vimentin is known to strongly influence cell-mechanical properties, we hypothesized that a flexible vimentin network is required for fast amoeboid migration. To this end, here we determined the precise role of the vimentin intermediate filament system in regulating the migration of amoeboid human cancer cells. Vimentin is a classic marker of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and is therefore an ideal target for a metastasis inhibitor. Using a previously developed polydimethylsiloxane slab-based approach to confine cells, RNAi-based vimentin silencing, vimentin overexpression, pharmacological treatments, and measurements of cell stiffness, we found that RNAi-mediated depletion of vimentin increases LBBM by ∼50% compared with control cells and that vimentin overexpression and simvastatin-induced vimentin bundling inhibit fast amoeboid migration and proliferation. Importantly, these effects were independent of changes in actomyosin contractility. Our results indicate that a flexible vimentin intermediate filament network promotes LBBM of amoeboid cancer cells in confined environments and that vimentin bundling perturbs cell-mechanical properties and inhibits the invasive properties of cancer cells.

中文翻译:

波形蛋白中间丝的柔性网络促进了变形虫癌细胞在狭窄环境中的迁移。

肿瘤细胞可通过其在间充质和变形虫(基于气泡的)迁移之间切换的能力扩散到远处。由于存在这种差异,因此转移抑制剂必须考虑每种迁移模式。但是,波形蛋白在变形虫迁移中的作用尚未确定。因为在狭窄的空间中发生了基于变形虫的前导者基于气泡的迁移(LBBM),并且已知波形蛋白强烈地影响细胞机械特性,因此我们假设快速波形化迁移需要柔性波形蛋白网络。为此,在此我们确定了波形蛋白中间丝系统在调节变形虫人类癌细胞迁移中的确切作用。波形蛋白是上皮到间质转化的经典标志物,因此是转移抑制剂的理想靶标。使用先前开发的基于聚二甲基硅氧烷平板的方法来限制细胞,基于RNAi的波形蛋白沉默,波形蛋白过表达,药理学治疗和细胞僵硬度的测量,我们发现与对照细胞相比,RNAi介导的波形蛋白消耗减少了LBBM约50%。波形蛋白过表达和辛伐他汀诱导的波形蛋白捆绑抑制了快速的变形虫迁移和增殖。重要的是,这些作用与肌动球蛋白收缩力的变化无关。我们的结果表明,柔性波形蛋白中间丝网络可在受限环境中促进变形虫癌细胞的LBBM,并且波形蛋白捆绑会扰乱细胞机械特性并抑​​制癌细胞的侵袭特性。波形蛋白的过度表达,药理学治疗和细胞僵硬度的测量,我们发现与对照细胞相比,RNAi介导的波形蛋白的消耗使LBBM增加约50%,波形蛋白的过度表达和辛伐他汀诱导的波形蛋白的捆绑抑制了快速的变形虫迁移和增殖。重要的是,这些作用与肌动球蛋白收缩力的变化无关。我们的结果表明,柔性波形蛋白中间丝网络可在受限环境中促进变形虫癌细胞的LBBM,并且波形蛋白捆绑会扰乱细胞机械特性并抑​​制癌细胞的侵袭特性。波形蛋白的过表达,药理学治疗和细胞僵硬度的测量,我们发现与对照细胞相比,RNAi介导的波形蛋白的消耗使LBBM增加约50%,并且波形蛋白的过表达和辛伐他汀诱导的波形蛋白捆绑抑制了快速的变形虫迁移和增殖。重要的是,这些作用与肌动球蛋白收缩力的变化无关。我们的结果表明,柔性波形蛋白中间丝网络可在受限环境中促进变形虫癌细胞的LBBM,并且波形蛋白捆绑会扰乱细胞机械特性并抑​​制癌细胞的侵袭特性。我们发现,与对照细胞相比,RNAi介导的波形蛋白耗竭使LBBM增加了约50%,波形蛋白的过表达和辛伐他汀诱导的波形蛋白捆绑抑制了快速的变形虫迁移和增殖。重要的是,这些作用与肌动球蛋白收缩力的变化无关。我们的结果表明,柔性波形蛋白中间丝网络可在受限环境中促进变形虫癌细胞的LBBM,并且波形蛋白捆绑会扰乱细胞机械特性并抑​​制癌细胞的侵袭特性。我们发现,与对照细胞相比,RNAi介导的波形蛋白耗竭使LBBM增加了约50%,波形蛋白的过表达和辛伐他汀诱导的波形蛋白捆绑抑制了快速的变形虫迁移和增殖。重要的是,这些作用与肌动球蛋白收缩力的变化无关。我们的结果表明,柔性波形蛋白中间丝网络可在受限环境中促进变形虫癌细胞的LBBM,并且波形蛋白捆绑会扰乱细胞机械特性并抑​​制癌细胞的侵袭特性。
更新日期:2020-05-08
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