An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of replacement of fish meal (FM) with fish soluble meal (FSM) on growth performance, feed utilization and expression of genes involved in TOR signaling pathway for juvenile black sea bream (Acanthopagrus schlegelii). Six isonitrogenous (41%) and isolipidic diets were prepared to contain graded levels of FSM which replaced 0% (control diet), 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 60% protein from FM. Triplicate groups of 20 fish with initial weight 0.51 ± 0.01 g were fed with experimental diets twice daily to apparent satiation. The results showed significant differences in growth performance and feed utilization among all treatments, final body weight (FBW), percent weight gain (PWG), specific growth rate (SGR) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) significantly increased with dietary replacement levels of FM with FSM increasing from 0% to 40% (P < 0.05), PWG, SGR and PER were significantly reduced when replacement of FM with FSM further increased from 40% to 60%. Based on PWG against replacement levels of FM with FSM, A two-slope broken-line model analysis indicated that the optimal replacement of FM with FSM is to be 42.59%. Moreover, the lowest feed conversion ratio (FCR) was observed in fish fed the 40% FSM replacement diet. Muscle amino acid profile in muscle revealed that total essential amino acids, arginine and threonine were significantly influenced by replacement levels of FSM, while there was no significant difference in NEAA among all treatments. The hematological indices were not affected by the replacement levels of FM with FSM. The relative expression levels of irs-1, pi3k, akt, igf-1, s6k1 and tor were up-regulated when replacement levels of FM with FSM increased from 0% to 40%, and higher values were observed in fish fed with 40% FSM replacement diet compared to those fed the other diets. However, relative expression of 4e-bp2 was down-regulated when replacement levels of FM with FSM increased from 0% to 40% (P < 0.05). In summary, the results of present study indicated that FSM could be a viable alternative protein source for black sea bream, dietary FSM supplementation could improve growth and up-regulate the relative expression of irs-1, pi3k, akt, igf-1, s6k1 genes related to TOR signaling pathway in liver of juvenile black sea bream.

中文翻译：

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用鱼可溶膳食替代鱼粉对黑鲷（Acanthopagrus schlegelii）的生长和TOR信号转导途径的影响。

进行了为期8周的饲养试验，以评价用鱼粉（FSM）替代鱼粉（FMM）对少年黑鲷（Acanthopagrus schlegelii）的生长性能，饲料利用和TOR信号转导通路相关基因的表达的影响）。制备了六种等氮饮食（41％）和等脂饮食，它们包含分级水平的FSM，它们替代了FM中的0％（对照饮食），10％，20％，30％，40％和60％的蛋白质。一式三份的20头初始体重为0.51±0.01 g的鱼每天要喂两次实验性饲料，以达到明显的饱腹感。结果显示，所有处理，最终体重（FBW），增重百分比（PWG），随着FSM的膳食替代水平从0％增加到40％（P <0.05），比生长率（SGR）和蛋白质效率比（PER）显着增加（P <0.05），当用FSM替代FM时，PWG，SGR和PER显着降低进一步从40％增加到60％。基于PWG对FSM的FM替代水平进行的分析，两坡折线模型分析表明，FSM的FM最佳替代率为42.59％。此外，在饲喂40％FSM替代饲料的鱼中，观察到最低的饲料转化率（FCR）。肌肉中的肌肉氨基酸谱显示，总必需氨基酸，精氨酸和苏氨酸受FSM置换水平的显着影响，而NEAA在所有治疗之间均无显着差异。血液学指标不受FSM替代FM的影响。当用FSM替代FM的水平从0％增加到40％时，irs-1，pi3k，akt，igf-1，s6k1和tor的相对表达水平上调，并且在饲喂40％的鱼中观察到较高的值FSM替代饮食与其他饮食相比。但是，当FM用FSM替代水平从0％增加到40％时，4e-bp2的相对表达被下调（P <0.05）。总之，本研究的结果表明，FSM可能是黑鲷的一种可行的替代蛋白质来源，饮食中添加FSM可以改善生长并上调irs-1，pi3k，akt，igf-1，s6k1的相对表达黑鲷肝脏肝脏TOR信号通路相关基因 当用FSM替代FM的水平从0％增加到40％时，irs-1，pi3k，akt，igf-1，s6k1和tor的相对表达水平上调，并且在饲喂40％的鱼中观察到较高的值FSM替代饮食与其他饮食相比。但是，当FM用FSM替代水平从0％增加到40％时，4e-bp2的相对表达被下调（P <0.05）。总之，本研究的结果表明，FSM可能是黑鲷的一种可行的替代蛋白质来源，饮食中添加FSM可以改善生长并上调irs-1，pi3k，akt，igf-1，s6k1的相对表达黑鲷肝脏肝脏TOR信号通路相关基因 当用FSM替代FM的水平从0％增加到40％时，irs-1，pi3k，akt，igf-1，s6k1和tor的相对表达水平上调，并且在饲喂40％的鱼中观察到较高的值FSM替代饮食与其他饮食相比。但是，当FM用FSM替代水平从0％增加到40％时，4e-bp2的相对表达被下调（P <0.05）。总之，本研究的结果表明，FSM可能是黑鲷的一种可行的替代蛋白质来源，饮食中添加FSM可以改善生长并上调irs-1，pi3k，akt，igf-1，s6k1的相对表达黑鲷肝脏肝脏TOR信号通路相关基因 饲喂40％FSM替代饲料的鱼比饲喂其他饲料的鱼更高。但是，当FM用FSM替代水平从0％增加到40％时，4e-bp2的相对表达被下调（P <0.05）。总之，本研究的结果表明，FSM可能是黑鲷的一种可行的替代蛋白质来源，饮食中添加FSM可以改善生长并上调irs-1，pi3k，akt，igf-1，s6k1的相对表达黑鲷肝脏肝脏TOR信号通路相关基因 饲喂40％FSM替代饲料的鱼比饲喂其他饲料的鱼更高。但是，当FM用FSM替代水平从0％增加到40％时，4e-bp2的相对表达被下调（P <0.05）。总之，本研究的结果表明，FSM可能是黑鲷的一种可行的替代蛋白质来源，饮食中添加FSM可以改善生长并上调irs-1，pi3k，akt，igf-1，s6k1的相对表达黑鲷肝中与TOR信号转导通路相关的基因