In this paper, double-layered mesopore-rich hollow carbon microspheres (DHCM) were prepared by a Stöber method using tetraethyl orthosilicate, resorcinol and formaldehyde as precursor materials, and further utilized as carbon sources to prepare the boron and nitrogen co-doped double-layered mesopore-rich hollow carbon microspheres (B, N-DHCM) by hydrothermal approach utilizing ammonium tetraborate tetrahydrate (NH4B5O8·4H2O) as boron and nitrogen sources. Compared with the undoped DHCM, the as-obtained B, N-DHCM displays improved capacitive properties with a high specific capacitance (221.5 F g-1 at 1 A g-1), good rate performance (104.1 F g-1 at 20 A g-1) and superior cycle life (91% of capacitance retention at 3 A g-1 after 10,000 cycles). The outstanding capacitive performances result from the synergistic effect of the unique double-layered mesopore-rich hollow structure contributing to the rate property and cycle stability and the modification of B and N co-doping providing pseudocapacitance for the enhancement of specific capacitance. Therefore, the excellent capacitive behaviors render the B, N-DHCM promising electrode materials for application in supercapacitors and other energy storage systems.

中文翻译：

---

硼和氮共掺杂双层富集中孔的空心碳微球，作为超级电容器的高性能电极。

本文采用原硅酸四乙酯，间苯二酚和甲醛作为前驱体材料，通过Stöber方法制备了双层富集介孔的空心碳微球（DHCM），并进一步用作碳源制备了硼和氮共掺杂的双碳纳米管。以四水合四硼酸铵（NH4B5O8·4H2O）为硼源和氮源，通过水热法制备了富含中孔的中空碳微球（B，N-DHCM）。与未掺杂的DHCM相比，如此获得的B，N-DHCM具有更高的电容特性，具有高的比电容（在1 A g-1时为221.5 F g-1），良好的速率性能（在20 A时为104.1 F g-1） g-1）和更长的循环寿命（10,000次循环后，在3 A g-1下的电容保持率为91％）。出色的电容性能来自独特的双层富中孔空心结构的协同效应，该结构有助于速率性能和循环稳定性，并且B和N共掺杂的改性为提高比电容提供了伪电容。因此，优异的电容性能使B，N-DHCM电极材料有望用于超级电容器和其他储能系统。