Renewable energy use is critical for achieving climate change goals. It is essential to understand necessary to the priority, capacity, and number of units of renewable energy systems for generation planning. Multi-criteria analysis methods serve as an effective tool for planning renewable energy generation. In this work, a two-stage multi-criteria analysis method was developed to identify the priority and capacities, as well as the numbers of units of renewable energy technologies. Technical (capacity factor and power density), economic (benefit-to-cost ratio), and environmental (carbon dioxide equivalent emission) criteria were considered. The method was applied to plan Glasgow’s renewable energy use. It was found that the planned renewable energy use configuration consists of 255 units of wind turbines (3.6 MW each), 23,497 units of solar photovoltaic panels (11 kW each), 2 units of biomass combustion systems (2 MW each), and 3382 units of ground source heat pumps (22.5 kW each) corresponding to an annual carbon footprint of 109,629 tonnes carbon dioxide equivalent. Sensitivity analysis was also conducted to assess the impacts of weightings in technical, economic, and environmental criteria on the decision in the configuration of renewable energy use.

中文翻译：

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一种规划可再生能源利用和碳节约的两阶段多标准分析方法

可再生能源的使用对于实现气候变化目标至关重要。必须了解可再生能源系统的优先级、容量和数量以进行发电规划。多标准分析方法是规划可再生能源发电的有效工具。在这项工作中，开发了一种两阶段多标准分析方法，以确定优先级和能力，以及可再生能源技术的单位数量。考虑了技术（容量因数和功率密度）、经济（效益成本比）和环境（二氧化碳当量排放）标准。该方法被应用于规划格拉斯哥的可再生能源使用。结果表明，计划中的可再生能源使用配置包括 255 台风力涡轮机（每台 3.6 MW）、23、497 台太阳能光伏板（每台 11 千瓦）、2 台生物质燃烧系统（每台 2 兆瓦）和 3382 台地源热泵（每台 22.5 千瓦），对应的年碳足迹为 109,629 吨二氧化碳当量。还进行了敏感性分析，以评估技术、经济和环境标准的权重对可再生能源使用配置决策的影响。